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Samenvatting Stofwisseling Life Sciences
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Samenvatting van 25 pagina's voor het vak Stofwisseling Life Sciences aan de HU
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Samenvatting stofwisselingLife sciences tijdvak 1 blok A
Les 1: Het spijsverteringsstelsel en de vertering van vetten en
koolhydraten
Nederlandse
Latijnse term
term
slokdarm oesophagus
alvleesklier pancreas
twaalfvingerige
duodenum
darm
dikke darm colon
Macroscopische opbouw van het spijsverteringsstelsel (= met het blote
oog waarneembaar)
Klieren:
Drie paren speekselklieren (parotisklier (oor), onder de tong &
onderkaakspeekselklier)
Alvleesklier
Lever
Galblaas
Door peristaltiek (werkt ook tegen zwaartekracht, golven van samenspanning en
ontspanning van spieren) wordt voedsel langs maag-darmstelsel gevoerd (=
spijsverteringskanaal bestaande uit pijp tussen mond en anus).
Sluitspieren (ringvormige band van spieren) sluiten het maag-darmstelsel en
reguleren de doorgang van materiaal tussen de delen.
Vertering in de mond
Mechanische vertering: kauwen, dan makkelijker doorslikken en groter
oppervlak.
Enzymatische vertering: amylase in speeksel dat koolhydraten =
polysacchariden (zetmeel, glycogeen) door hydrolyse afbreekt tot kleinere
polysacchariden en maltose (disaccharide).
1
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