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Assignment 11.1 GENETICS AND GENETIC ENGINEERING: Understand thestructure and function of nucleic acids (A1) in order to describe gene expression (A2)
and the process of protein synthesis (A3)
Check list
TASK 1: A1 Nucleic acids (Pass)
TASK: Make models of nucleic acids; DNA ; RNA. Take photographs and incorporate them
into your report/leaflet.
Facts to include Included? Checked
by
teacher
Nucleotide structure:
Phosphate; ribose; base
The monomer is the nucleotide
The polymer is DNA or RNA
The polymer is formed by condensation reactions
between the phosphate group of 1 nucleotide and the
sugar of the next nucleotide (refer to the %C and 3C)
The chain of sugars and phosphates is known as the
sugar-phosphate - back bone
This reaction can be reversed by hydrolysis
Different bases ; AT(U)CG
complimentary pairing
which are purines/pyridines
Different sugar DNA / RNA
Ensure you have diagrams and photographs of models
of DNA and RNA
DNA contains 2 polynucleotide chains running
antiparallel Double helix
RNA contains 1 polynucleotide
3 main types of RNA: mRNA tRNA rRNA siRNA Small interfering
Use website: RNA (siRNA),
https://horizondiscovery.com/en/applications/rnai/sirna- sometimes known
applications for information on siRNA as short interfering
RNA or silencing
RNA, is a class of
double-stranded
RNA non-coding
RNA molecules,
typically 20-27 base
pairs in length,
similar to miRNA,
and operating
within the RNA
interference (RNAi)
pathway.
, TASK 2
A2 The basis of the genetic code (Merit)
LO:
1.What is gene expression? What are the following terms:
2. What is their importance in gene expression?
TASK: Research and fill in the following table. Then write this up as a report.
The genetic code is the sequence of base triplets (codons) in DNA or mRNA which codes for
specific amino acids.
TERM DEFINITION What is their
importance in gene
expression
Triplet codes 3 bases delivered by tRNA to site of
protein synthesis.
Codon A triplet of bases which codes for a
specific amino acid.
Anticodon A trinucleotide sequence
complementary to that of a
corresponding codon in a messenger
RNA (mRNA) sequence.
An anticodon is found at one end of
a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule.
Degenerate code A single amino acid may be coded
for by more than one codon.
Non-overlapping The base triplets do not share their
bases they are non-overlapping
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