[Lecture notes]
There are three types of resistance:
1. Reactance: Resistance to persuasion when someone feels restricted in their freedom.
o Reactance results in a motivation to restore the violated freedom.
o It is stronger when the influence attempt is more blatant or requests more
resources.
2. Scepticism: Resistance to the message that is related to the content.
o One can scrutinize the message via a cognitively central route (judges on
internal consistency) and via a heuristic route (judges on salient, less
informative information like layout of the message).
3. Inertia: Resistance to change.
There are two types of persuasion strategies:
1. Alpha: Attempts to make an option more attractive (e.g., Cialdini technique,
conditioning, priming, nudging etc.)
2. Omega: Attempts to prevent a negative reaction to a persuasion attempt
[Examples in the lecture]
o Restore the freedom (‘You are free to accept or refuse’). Best used before or
after the message. [Empirically tested example provided]
Restores experienced freedom
Reciprocity (an opportunity to refuse is provided)
Politeness (foot-in-the-mouth effect)
o Acknowledge resistance (‘I know you might not want to…’) [Empirically tested
example provided]
o Self-erasing prediction errors: People are more prone to say yes to a real
situation after saying yes to a hypothetical situation, because: [Empirically
tested example provided]
Commitment and consistency
Activation of an injunctive norm
Cognitive dissonance
Impression management
o Planning fallacy: People are more optimistic about the future and people tend
to focus on ‘why’ instead of ‘how’ they will do things.
o Theory of action identification: Disrupting the script can increase the effect of
persuasion:
Pique technique
Disrupt-then-reframe technique
Fear-then-relief technique
[Book Ch. 3 and 5 by Pratkanis]
How to deal with reactance:
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller robynluiten. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.32. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.