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Samenvatting Fysica: elektrische ladingen en krachten
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een samenvatting van fysica van het hoofdstuk elektrische lading en krachten
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FYSICAHS1: ELEKTRISCHE LADINGEN EN ELEKTRISCHE KRACHTEN
1. Elektrische lading
1.2 Elektrische lading
2 soorten lading in vwp: positief en negatief
Positief geladen voorwerpen
o Deel van elektrische ladingen (e-) afgestaan
Negatief geladen voorwerpen
o Elektrische ladingen (e-) opgenomen
Elektrisch neutrale voorwerpen
o Evenveel + als –
o Kunnen + en – geladen kant hebben (dipool)
Verplaatsing van ladingen tussen vwp: wrijving of contact
Verplaatsing van ladingen binnen vwp: influentie
Elektrische lading:
Symbool: Q
Eenheid: coulomb C
2. Kracht tussen ladingen
2.1 Kracht tussen ladingen
Besluit wrijvingsexperimenten:
Ladingen oefenen op elkaar een kracht uit: de elektrische kracht of coulombkracht
o Tegengestelde ladingen trekken elkaar aan
o Gelijksoortige ladingen stoten elkaar af
3. Oorsprong van elektrische lading
3.1 het atoommodel
Atoommodel:
Kern: protonen (+) + neutronen (0)
Elektronen (-)
Elementaire lading e:
= Grootte van lading elektron
= Grootte lading proton
= (1,60 . 10-19C)
Bevindingen:
m(e-) << m(p+) en m(n0)
Atoom is neutraal als #e- = #p+ (= Z)
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