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Samenvatting vergelijkende biologie: virussen
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Samenvatting virussen vergelijkende biologie, KULeuven BMW jaar 1
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OOFJSTU 44 : V TUSSENZ n geen organismen , want :
kunnen enkel reproduceren binnen
levende cel
•
parasitaire chemicaliën uit DNA of RNA verpakt in een eiwit
Vir ons
genoemd
•
Virussen hebben eenzelfde basisstructuur :
•
Nucleïnezuur kern : DNA / RNA ,
enkel -
of dubbel , circulair of lineair
bevat vaak
Omgeven door capsid
•
:
enzymen
+ veel dierl ke virussen hebben een enveloppe
Virussen z n obligaat intracellulaire parasieten
Host
range geïnfecteerd organisme
• =
Weefsel tropisme geïnfecteerde
•
=
cel
kunnen
jaren slapend of latent bl ven
Virussen kapen de transcriptie -
en translatie machines van een cel om virus
genen
tot expressie te
brengen ì
assemblage en
vr zetting van nieuw virus
ijijij ij
, Virussen komen voor in 2 vormen :
•
heli ( aal
•
Icosahedraal
Complex =
binale
symmetrie
•
Multi
gelaagd capsid
•
polymorf :
geen symmetrie met enveloppe
•
=
Virale Genomen
DNA virus : RNA Virus ( 70% )
delen in de kern van delen in
cytoplasma gastheercel
•
eukaryote van
•
gastheercel
•
Geen transcriptie = mRNA
'
Na
binnendringen wordt
gastheer expressie van eiwitten
•
DNA RNA
uitgeschakeld vroeg
:
polymerase
>
transcriptie tot mRNA laat :
capsid eiwitten
'
expressie van eiwitten
Negative strand :
DNA Codeert niet zelf voor eiwit doet RNA
vroeg polymerase
:
,
=
duplicatie complement
laat : capsid eiwitten Positive strand :
codeert voor normaal eiwit
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