100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
Volledige samenvatting differentiële psychologie $5.76
Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)
  4.  
  5. Bachelor In De Psychologie
  6.  
  7. Differentiële psychologie

Summary

Volledige samenvatting differentiële psychologie

4 reviews
 50 purchases
  • Course
  • Differentiële psychologie
  • Institution
  • Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)

Samenvatting is gemaakt aan de hand van de slides en uitleg van de prof. Af en toe met wat extra info bij moeilijke/onduidelijke stukken. Samenvatting is zo gemaakt dat men de HOC eigenlijk niet meer moet bekijken.

Preview 4 out of 140  pages

Document information

  • December 10, 2021
  • 140
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

Subjects

  • differentiële psychologie
  • persoonlijkheidspsychologie 2

Written for

  • Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)
  • Bachelor In De Psychologie
  • Differentiële psychologie
All documents for this subject (10)

4  reviews

review-writer-avatar

By: aliesjacobs • 2 year ago

review-writer-avatar

By: angelasubandrio58 • 2 year ago

review-writer-avatar

By: romygeneviev • 2 year ago

review-writer-avatar

By: rana-erdem • 3 year ago

Seller

avatar-seller
aurlieweverbergh

Reviews received

Content preview

Aurélie Weverbergh 3BA PSYCH 2021-2022
VUB


Differentiële psychologie
Inhoud
1 Inleiding ............................................................................................................................. 9
1.1 Klassieke theorieën ...................................................................................................... 9
1.2 Hedendaags onderzoek naar persoonlijkheid .............................................................. 9
1.2.1 Kennis domein...................................................................................................... 9
1.2.1.1 Zes kennis domeinen ..................................................................................... 9
2 Persoonlijkheidstrekken over de tijd: Stabiliteit versus verandering ............................... 11
2.1 Conceptuele begrippen ............................................................................................. 11
2.1.1 Persoonlijkheidsontwikkeling ............................................................................ 11
2.1.2 Twee vormen van stabiliteit ............................................................................... 11
2.1.3 Persoonlijkheidsverandering: Twee definiërende kwaliteiten ........................... 12
2.1.3.1 Intern ........................................................................................................... 12
2.1.3.2 Aanhoudend ................................................................................................ 12
2.2 Drie niveaus van analyse ........................................................................................... 13
2.2.1 Populatie niveau ................................................................................................. 13
2.2.2 Groepsverschillen niveau ................................................................................... 13
2.2.3 Individuele verschilniveau ................................................................................. 13
2.3 Stabiliteit van persoonlijkheidstrekken over de tijd .................................................. 13
2.3.1 Stabiliteit van temperament gedurende eerste levensjaren (Baby en peutertijd
‘infancy’) .......................................................................................................................... 13
2.3.2 Stabiliteit doorheen kinderjaren (childhood) ...................................................... 14
2.3.2.1 Studie Saudino (2012): ............................................................................... 14
2.3.2.2 Enkele conclusies ........................................................................................ 15
2.3.3 Rangorde stabiliteit in volwassenheid ................................................................ 15
2.3.3.1 Rangorde stabiliteit van Big Five trekken................................................... 16
2.3.4 Gemiddeld niveau stabiliteit in volwassenheid .................................................. 17
2.3.4.1 Gemiddelde scores Big Five trekken op verschillende leeftijden ............... 17
2.4 Persoonlijkheidsverandering: enkele aspecten die meer opvallend veranderen ........ 18
2.4.1 Zelfwaarde .......................................................................................................... 18
2.4.2 Sensation seeking ............................................................................................... 20
2.4.2.1 Sensation seeking en impulsiviteit .............................................................. 20
2.4.3 Maturiteit ............................................................................................................ 20
2.4.4 Onafhankelijkheid en traditionele rollen ............................................................ 20
2.4.5 Voorspelbare veranderingen volgens toenemende leeftijd ................................ 21
2.5 Persoonlijkheidsverandering: cohorte effecten.......................................................... 21

1

,Aurélie Weverbergh 3BA PSYCH 2021-2022
VUB
2.5.1 Assertiviteit van vrouwen in reactie op veranderingen in sociale status en rollen
22
2.6 Persoonlijkheidsverandering voorspellen .................................................................. 22
2.6.1 Effect persoonlijkheid op relaties ....................................................................... 22
2.6.1.1 Recent onderzoek ........................................................................................ 22
2.7 Tussen stabiliteit en verandering: persoonlijkheidsfluctuatie ................................... 23
2.8 Samenvatting ............................................................................................................. 23
3 Genen en persoonlijkheid ................................................................................................. 24
3.1 Inleiding ..................................................................................................................... 24
3.1.1 Het menselijk genoom ........................................................................................ 24
3.1.2 Controverses over genen en persoonlijkheid ..................................................... 25
3.2 Begrippen en doel van gedragsgenetica .................................................................... 25
3.2.1 Doelen van gedragsgenetica ............................................................................... 25
3.2.2 Wat is erfelijkheid/overerfbaarheid? .................................................................. 26
3.2.2.1 Misvattingen over erfelijkheid .................................................................... 26
3.2.2.2 Nature-Nurture debat .................................................................................. 27
3.3 Methodes ................................................................................................................... 27
3.3.1 Kwantitatieve methoden in gedragsgenetica ...................................................... 27
3.3.1.1 Selectief kweken ......................................................................................... 27
3.3.1.2 Familiestudies ............................................................................................. 27
3.3.1.3 Tweelingen studies ...................................................................................... 28
3.3.1.4 Adoptie studies............................................................................................ 28
3.3.1.5 Voor en nadelen van verschillende methodes ............................................. 29
3.4 Belangrijke bevindingen ............................................................................................ 29
3.4.1 Persoonlijkheidstrekken ..................................................................................... 29
3.4.1.1 Als… dan…profielen .................................................................................. 30
3.4.2 Attitudes en voorkeuren ..................................................................................... 30
3.4.3 Drinken en roken ................................................................................................ 31
3.4.4 Huwelijk ............................................................................................................. 31
3.5 Omgevingsinvloeden ................................................................................................. 31
3.5.1 Het raadsel van gedeelde en niet-gedeelde omgevingsinvloeden ...................... 31
3.6 Genen en de omgeving: 2 belangrijke aandachtspunten ........................................... 32
3.6.1 Genotype-omgevingsinteractie ........................................................................... 32
3.6.2 Genotype-omgevingscorrelatie .......................................................................... 32
3.6.2.1 Passief ......................................................................................................... 33
3.6.2.2 Reactief ....................................................................................................... 33
3.6.2.3 Actief ........................................................................................................... 33


2

,Aurélie Weverbergh 3BA PSYCH 2021-2022
VUB
3.6.3 Invloed van omgeving op genexpressie ............................................................. 33
3.7 Moleculaire genetica .................................................................................................. 34
3.7.1 DRD4 ................................................................................................................. 34
3.7.2 SNP..................................................................................................................... 34
3.8 Gedragsgenetica, wetenschap, politiek en waarden .................................................. 34
3.9 Samenvatting ............................................................................................................. 35
4 Fysiologische benadering van persoonlijkheid ................................................................ 36
4.1 Inleiding, begrippen en geschiedenis ......................................................................... 36
4.1.1 Hersenschade en persoonlijkheid ....................................................................... 36
4.1.2 Fysiologische systemen ...................................................................................... 36
4.1.2.1 Fysiologische indicatoren ........................................................................... 36
4.1.2.2 Fysiologisch/biologisch causaal substraat .................................................. 36
4.1.3 Doel fysiologische benadering ........................................................................... 37
4.2 Fysiologische maten in persoonlijkheidsonderzoek .................................................. 37
4.2.1 Electrodermale respons/activiteit (huidgeleiding) ............................................. 38
4.2.2 Cardiovasculaire activiteit .................................................................................. 38
4.2.3 Hersenactiviteit................................................................................................... 39
4.2.3.1 Persoonlijkheid en fMRI ............................................................................. 39
4.2.3.2 Angst en fMRI ............................................................................................ 39
4.2.3.3 Persoonlijkheid en specifieke hersenstructuren .......................................... 40
4.2.3.4 Persoonlijkheid en verwerken van humor ................................................... 40
4.2.4 Andere metingen ................................................................................................ 40
4.3 Persoonlijkheidsdimensies met fysiologisch substraat .............................................. 41
4.3.1 Extraversie-introversie ....................................................................................... 41
4.3.1.1 Eysenck’s theorie: fysiologisch substraat ................................................... 41
4.3.2 Gevoeligheid voor beloning en straf .................................................................. 43
4.3.2.1 Integratie model van Eysenck ..................................................................... 44
4.3.2.2 Persoonlijkheid en gokken .......................................................................... 45
4.3.3 Sensatiezucht (sensation seeking) ...................................................................... 45
4.3.3.1 Onderzoek van Zuckerman: ........................................................................ 45
4.3.4 Neurotransmitters en persoonlijkheid ................................................................ 46
4.3.5 Ochtendtype/avondtype ...................................................................................... 47
4.3.6 Hersenasymmetrie en affectieve stijl ................................................................. 48
4.4 Samenvatting ............................................................................................................. 49
5 Evolutionaire benadering van persoonlijkheid ................................................................. 50
5.1 Evolutietheorie........................................................................................................... 50
5.1.1 Basistheorie en principes .................................................................................... 50

3

, Aurélie Weverbergh 3BA PSYCH 2021-2022
VUB
5.1.1.1 Natuurlijke selectie ..................................................................................... 50
5.1.1.2 Seksuele selectie ......................................................................................... 50
5.1.1.3 Genen en inclusieve fitheid ......................................................................... 51
5.1.2 Producten van evolutionaire processen .............................................................. 52
5.1.2.1 Adaptaties ................................................................................................... 52
5.1.2.2 Neven producten van adaptaties ................................................................. 53
5.1.2.3 Ruis of ad random variaties ........................................................................ 53
5.1.3 Misvattingen ....................................................................................................... 53
5.2 Evolutionaire psychologie ......................................................................................... 54
5.2.1 Empirisch testen van evolutionaire hypothesen ................................................. 54
5.3 3 domeinen van toepassing: ....................................................................................... 55
5.3.1 Menselijke natuur ............................................................................................... 55
5.3.1.1 Need to belong ............................................................................................ 55
5.3.1.2 Helpgedrag en altruïsme ............................................................................. 56
5.3.1.3 Universele emoties ...................................................................................... 58
5.3.2 Geslachtsverschillen ........................................................................................... 58
5.3.2.1 Aantal seksuele partners (verlangen naar seksuele afwisseling) ................ 59
5.3.2.2 Kwaliteit gewenst bij partners..................................................................... 60
5.3.3 Individuele verschillen ....................................................................................... 60
5.3.3.1 Perspectief 1 ................................................................................................ 60
5.3.3.2 Perspectief 2 ................................................................................................ 61
5.3.3.3 Perspectief 3 ................................................................................................ 61
5.3.3.4 Perspectief 4 ................................................................................................ 61
5.3.3.5 The big five en evolutionair relevante adaptieve problemen ...................... 62
5.4 Beperkingen van evolutionaire benadering ............................................................... 63
5.4.1 Ongekend verleden ............................................................................................. 63
5.4.2 Onbegrepen fenomenen ...................................................................................... 63
5.4.3 De wereld is anders nu ....................................................................................... 63
5.4.4 Alternatieve verklaringen ................................................................................... 63
5.4.5 Moeilijk toetsbaar ............................................................................................... 64
5.5 Samenvatting ............................................................................................................. 64
6 Intelligentie....................................................................................................................... 65
6.1 Inleiding ..................................................................................................................... 65
6.1.1 Waarom is intelligentie belangrijk? ................................................................... 65
6.2 Wat is intelligent zijn? ............................................................................................... 66
6.2.1 Definitie van intelligentie ................................................................................... 66
6.2.1.1 Impliciete intelligentietheorieën ................................................................. 66

4

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller aurlieweverbergh. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $5.76. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

66184 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now

Start selling
$5.76  50x  sold
  • (4)
Add to cart
Added