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Samenvatting psychosociale problemen bij kinderen en jongeren
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Samenvatting cursus psychosociale problemen bij kinderen en jongeren Vives hogeschool Kortrijk.
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Psychosociale problemen bij kinderen enjongeren
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Hs 1: integrale jeugdhulp........................................................................................................................5
1. 2 belangrijke decreten....................................................................................................................5
2. Hervorming van jeugdzorg..............................................................................................................5
3. het nieuwe decreet.........................................................................................................................5
Hs 2: contextueel referentiekader..........................................................................................................6
1. Grondlegger: Nagy (Nodzj).............................................................................................................6
2. Basis voor contextueel begeleiden.................................................................................................6
I) 4 dimensies..................................................................................................................................6
II) Roulerende rekeningen en destructief recht..............................................................................7
III) Meerzijdige partijdigheid...........................................................................................................7
IV) Erkenning geven........................................................................................................................8
V) Hulpbronnen..............................................................................................................................8
VI) Belang van de actie...................................................................................................................8
VII) Tijd en moratorium..................................................................................................................8
VIII) Loyaliteit..................................................................................................................................8
3. Genogrammen en ecogrammen.....................................................................................................9
HS 3: handelingsgerichte diagnostiek.....................................................................................................9
1. Zorg op scholen..............................................................................................................................9
2. Knelpunten psychodiagnostiek.......................................................................................................9
I) Proces niet systematisch (volgens stappen) en consistent (doelgericht).....................................9
II) Uiteindelijk te weinig bruikbare adviezen................................................................................10
III) Te veel nadruk op problematische kind kenmerken................................................................10
IV) Cliënt en omgeving te weinig betrokken bij proces.................................................................10
3. Uitgangspunten/ kenmerken diagnostiek.....................................................................................10
I) Doelgericht................................................................................................................................10
II) Transactioneel..........................................................................................................................10
III) Onderwijs- en ondersteuningsbehoeften................................................................................10
IV) Leerkracht en ouders zijn belangrijk........................................................................................11
V) Nadruk op positieve aspecten..................................................................................................11
VI) In constructieve samenwerking...............................................................................................11
VII) Systematisch en transparant..................................................................................................11
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, 4. Praktijk van HGD...........................................................................................................................11
5. Fasen van diagnostiek...................................................................................................................12
Fase 1: intake................................................................................................................................12
Fase 2: strategiefase.....................................................................................................................15
Fase 3: onderzoeksfase.................................................................................................................17
Fase 4: integratie- en indiceringsfase...........................................................................................18
Fase 5: adviesfase.........................................................................................................................19
6. Classificatie binnen handelingsgerichte diagnostiek.....................................................................20
Hs 4: kinderen helpen bij verlies...........................................................................................................21
1. Wat is rouw?.................................................................................................................................21
2. rouwproces...................................................................................................................................21
I) transitiecirkel.............................................................................................................................21
II) Duale procesmodel van rouw...................................................................................................22
3. Hoe rouwen kinderen?.................................................................................................................23
Kenmerken van rouw bij kinderen................................................................................................23
4. Kinderen en jongeren helpen in rouw..........................................................................................25
Rouwbehoeften van kinderen......................................................................................................25
Besluitend bij ondersteuning........................................................................................................27
5. Professionele hulp........................................................................................................................28
HS 5: multiprobleemgezinnen..............................................................................................................29
1. Wat is MG en wie valt hier onder?...............................................................................................29
I) definitie.....................................................................................................................................29
II) kenmerken MG.........................................................................................................................29
III) op welke vlakken zijn er problemen?......................................................................................29
IV) opsomming leefgebieden waar problemen mee kunnen zijn.................................................30
V) competentie.............................................................................................................................31
2. MG als subcultuur in maatschappij...............................................................................................32
I) wat is een subcultuur?...............................................................................................................32
II) algemeen referentiekader (v. Dominante cultuur)...................................................................32
III) referentiekader/ cultuur v. MG...............................................................................................33
3. Risicofactoren voor MG................................................................................................................33
4. Hulpverlening aan MG..................................................................................................................34
I) contextueel hulp bieden............................................................................................................34
II) diagnostiek...............................................................................................................................35
III) doelgericht/ efficiënt werken met MG....................................................................................37
5. Voorbeeldinterventies..................................................................................................................38
2
, 6. Prognose en secundaire preventie...............................................................................................39
HS 6: kindermishandeling.....................................................................................................................39
1. Wat is kindermishandeling?..........................................................................................................39
2. Vormen van kindermishandeling..................................................................................................40
I) Lichamelijke mishandeling.........................................................................................................40
II) Verwaarlozing...........................................................................................................................40
III) Seksueel misbruik....................................................................................................................40
IV) Emotionele mishandeling........................................................................................................41
V) Institutionele mishandeling......................................................................................................41
3. Prevalentie (hoe vaak komt het voor)..........................................................................................41
4. Signalen voor kindermishandeling................................................................................................41
5. Gevolgen van kindermishandeling................................................................................................42
I) Invloed op de ontw van kind.....................................................................................................42
II) Korte en lange termijngevolgen...............................................................................................44
6. Verklaringen wrm mishandeling...................................................................................................44
I) Unifactorele model....................................................................................................................44
II) Multifactorele modellen...........................................................................................................45
III) Interactionele modellen..........................................................................................................45
IV) Opvoedingscompetentiemodel...............................................................................................45
7. Diagnostiek/ hoe kind ondersteunen............................................................................................45
I) startgesprek met slachtoffer.....................................................................................................45
II) Leuvense model kindermishandeling.......................................................................................46
8. Begeleiding bij mishandeling........................................................................................................47
HS 7: gedragsproblemen......................................................................................................................47
1. Definitie gedragsproblemen.........................................................................................................47
2. Ontwikkeling van grensoverschrijdend gedrag.............................................................................48
3. Kindkenmerken bij probleemgedrag............................................................................................49
I) biologisch/ genetische kenmerken............................................................................................49
II) temperament...........................................................................................................................50
III) communicatievaardigheden....................................................................................................50
IV) zelfbeeld..................................................................................................................................50
V) coping.......................................................................................................................................50
VI) zelfcontrole.............................................................................................................................51
4. Omgevingskenmerken bij probleemgedrag..................................................................................51
I) gezin..........................................................................................................................................51
II) school.......................................................................................................................................51
3
, III) peers en vrije tijd.....................................................................................................................51
IV) effect van ingrijpende gebeurtenissen....................................................................................51
V) sociale steun.............................................................................................................................52
5. Psychodiagnostiek voor probleemgedrag (hoe helpen/ begeleiden)...........................................52
I) gedragsproblemen in kaart brengen.........................................................................................52
II) sociaal- emotioneel functioneren in kaart brengen..................................................................52
III) opvoedingsvaardigheden in kaart brengen.............................................................................54
6. Begeleiding...................................................................................................................................55
I) Samen Sterker Terug Op Pad (STOP).........................................................................................55
II) time- out...................................................................................................................................59
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