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Summary Arthrosis (Osteoarthritis) - Definition, epidemiology, causes, riskfactors, diagnosis and treatment
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  • Course
  • 3. Locomotor System
  • Institution
  • Maastricht University (UM)

In this summary you'll learn everything you need to know about Arthrosis, also called Osteoarthritis. Everything about definition, epidemiology, causes, riskfactors, diagnosis and treatment. This is one of the disease that you need to know for the exam of the Cluster Locomotor System

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Document information

  • December 11, 2021
  • 4
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

Subjects

  • arthrosis
  • osteoarthritis
  • summary locomotor
  • geneeskunde
  • itm
  • medicine
  • samenvatting bewegingsapparaat

Written for

  • Maastricht University (UM)
  • International Bachelor Medicine, Geneeskunde
  • 3. Locomotor System
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Content preview

Arthrosis
Definition
- Arthrosis = a non-inflammatory degenerative condition involving one or more joints
throughout the body associated with aging
- If inflammation occurs in the joints, it’s called arthritis
- Arthrosis is also called osteo-arthritis (even though inflammation is not necessary)

Epidemiology
- Age > 60 years
- It occurs in 10% of men and 13% of women aged 60 years or older —> this will likely
increase due to the aging of the population
- Women > men —> more likely to have it but also more severe

Causes and risk factors
The pathogenesis of arthrosis involves:
- A degradation of cartilage and remodeling of bone due to an active response of
chondrocytes in the articulate cartilage and the inflammatory cells in the surrounding
tissues
o Chondrocytes = cells found in cartilage that produce and maintain the
cartilaginous matrix
- The release of enzymes from these cells break down the collagen and proteoglycans,
destroying the articular cartilage
- The exposure of underlying subchondral bone results in sclerosis, followed by reactive
remodelling changes that lead to the formation of osteophytes and subchondral bone
cysts
o Osteophytes = a smooth bony lump that grows on the bones of the spine or
around the joints
- The joint space is progressively lost over time




Figure 1: Schematic view of the main strucures of a healthy (left) and degenerative (right) joint. Source: Aigner, T., Schmitz,
N., & Salter, D. (2015). 175 – Pathogenesis and pathology of osteoarthritis



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