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samenvatting persoonlijkheidspsychologie
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Psychology of Personality - Summary
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Psychology of Personality - Summary, Tilburg University (9)
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INHOUDWat is persoonlijkheid? .......................................................................................................................... 4
Wat is een theorie? ............................................................................................................................. 4
Theorie is verwant met, maar verschillend van .............................................................................. 4
Waarom bestaan er meerdere theorieën? ........................................................................................ 5
De persoonlijkheid van theoretici en hun theorieën over persoonlijkheid .......................................... 5
In de psychologie zijn er 5 grote theoretische perspectieven over wat persoonlijkheid is en hoe
het evolueert: .................................................................................................................................. 5
Wat maakt een theorie zinvol: criteria voor het evalueren/beoordelen van een theorie ...................... 6
Dimensies voor een ‘concept’ over de mensheid ................................................................................ 6
Onderzoek naar persoonlijkheidstheorieën ......................................................................................... 7
Persoonlijkheidstheorieën: ..................................................................................................................... 8
Freud (1856 - 1939) ............................................................................................................................... 8
Psychodynamische theorieën .............................................................................................................. 8
Overzicht psychoanalytische theorie .............................................................................................. 8
Biografie van Freud ........................................................................................................................ 8
Freud’s model van de geest ................................................................................................................ 9
Niveaus van het mentale leven ....................................................................................................... 9
Niveaus van bewustzijn .................................................................................................................. 9
Freud’s onbewuste niveau .............................................................................................................. 9
Structuren van de geest..................................................................................................................... 10
Metafoor van de kranen ................................................................................................................ 11
Fundamentele ASSUMPTIE ........................................................................................................ 11
Dynamische krachten van persoonlijkheid ................................................................................... 11
Verdedigingsmechanismen (of afweermechanismen) ...................................................................... 12
Ontwikkelingsstadia ......................................................................................................................... 13
Toepassingen van de psychoanalytische theorie ............................................................................... 14
Onderzoek ........................................................................................................................................ 15
Invloed Freud ............................................................................................................................... 15
Kritiek op Freud/Evaluatie theorie ................................................................................................... 16
Freud’s opvatting over de mensheid ................................................................................................. 16
Persoonlijkheidstheorieën: ................................................................................................................... 17
Horney (1885 - 1952) ........................................................................................................................... 17
Inleiding psychoanalytische sociale theorie ...................................................................................... 17
Biografie van Horney ....................................................................................................................... 17
Psychoanalytische sociale theorie..................................................................................................... 17
, Fundamentele vijandigheid en fundamentele angst ...................................................................... 18
Compulsieve drijfveren = dwang.................................................................................................. 18
Verdediging tegen angst ............................................................................................................... 19
Intrapsychische conflicten ................................................................................................................ 19
Vrouwelijke psychologie .................................................................................................................. 20
Psychotherapie ................................................................................................................................. 20
Onderzoek: operationalisatie neurotische verdediging ..................................................................... 20
Onderzoek: echte en ideale (niet authentieke) zelf ........................................................................... 20
Onderzoek: Neuroticisme ................................................................................................................. 20
Kritiek/evaluatie Horney .................................................................................................................. 21
Opvattingen over de mensheid ......................................................................................................... 21
humanistische theorieën ....................................................................................................................... 23
rogers (1902-1987) ............................................................................................................................... 23
Overzicht ‘Person-Centered Theory’............................................................................................ 23
Biografie Rogers .............................................................................................................................. 23
Persoongeoriënteerde theorie ........................................................................................................... 24
Psychotherapie (behandelen) ............................................................................................................ 26
De persoon van morgen .................................................................................................................... 27
Wetenschapsfilosofie........................................................................................................................ 27
De Chicago studies ........................................................................................................................... 28
Onderzoek ........................................................................................................................................ 29
Evaluatie Rogers .............................................................................................................................. 30
Opvattingen over de mensheid ......................................................................................................... 31
persoonlijkheidstheorieën ..................................................................................................................... 32
allport (1897-1967) .............................................................................................................................. 32
Overzicht van de psychologie van het individu ................................................................................ 32
Biografie van Allport........................................................................................................................ 32
Allport zijn benadering van een theorie voor de persoonlijkheid ..................................................... 32
Structuur van persoonlijkheid........................................................................................................... 33
Motivatie .......................................................................................................................................... 34
Studie van het individu ..................................................................................................................... 35
Onderzoek ........................................................................................................................................ 35
Evaluatie Allport .............................................................................................................................. 36
Opvattingen over de mensheid ......................................................................................................... 37
McCrae & Costa: persoonlijkheidstheorieën ........................................................................................ 38
overzicht factor en trait theorieën ..................................................................................................... 38
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