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samenvatting celmobi: Hoofdstuk 12: Eukaryotische celdeling
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samenvatting celmobi: Hoofdstuk 12: Eukaryotische celdeling
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Hoofdstuk 12: Eukaryotische celdeling• Celdeling: → Interfase
2n • G1-fase = gap-fase
↓ • S-fase = DNA-synthese
4n • G2-fase = gap-fase
↓ • M-fase = chromosoomverdeling
2x2n • Einde M-fase = cytokinese of celdeling
⤷ bij mitose • Mitose = kerndeling
• Mitose: pro-, meta-, ana - en telofase
→ Profase: compacter worden van chromosomen
→ Metafase: kernmembraan verdwenen, chromosomen naar vlak in het midden cel en
hechten aan spoelfiguur
→ Anafase: chromatiden uit elkaar
→ Telofase: chromosomen minder compact, nieuw kernmembraan, begin cytokinese
• Spoelfiguur: microtubuli-organiserend centrum = centrosoom
• Dieren: centrosoom bevat centriolen
• Kinetochoor: hiermee zijn de microtubuli aan de centromeer verbonden
• Bij dieren is er een insnoering, bij planten ontstaat een celplaat
• Fragmoplast: structuur waaruit de nieuwe celwand zich ontwikkelt, bestaat uit microtubuli
• Meiose: 2n → 4n → n
→ Tijdens metafase: chromosomen gepaard met homoloog
⤷ cross-overs via homologe recombinatie (=chiasmata)
→ Eerste meiotische deling: mater- en paternale random verdeeld
→ Tweede meiotische deling: zusterchromatiden uit elkaar
• Non-disjunctie => trisomie
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