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Samenvatting Brug 1: gezonde mens deel 3
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Samenvatting van de cursus en powerpoint
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Inhoudsopgave1 Inleiding..........................................................................................................2
2 Inleiding aan de hand van anatomische en functionele eigenschappen 3
2.1 Functies zenuwstelsel...............................................................................3
2.2 Anatomische indeling................................................................................3
2.3 Functionele indeling..................................................................................4
3 Synapsen.......................................................................................................5
3.1 Communicatie tussen neuronen...............................................................5
3.2 Bouw van een synaps...............................................................................5
3.3 Synapsfunctie en neurotransmitters.........................................................6
3.3.1 Werking neurotransmitters.................................................................8
4 Reflexen.........................................................................................................9
4.1 Inleiding....................................................................................................9
4.2 Eenvoudige reflexen.................................................................................9
4.2.1 Werking reflexboog............................................................................9
4.2.2 Monosynaptische reflex...................................................................10
4.3 Complexe reflexen..................................................................................10
5 Sensorische informatie en motorische impulsen....................................12
5.1 Inleiding..................................................................................................12
5.2 Sensibele banen.....................................................................................12
5.2.1 Dorsale kolom..................................................................................13
5.3 Motorische banen...................................................................................14
5.3.1 Corticospinale baan.........................................................................15
6 Het autonome zenuwstelsel.......................................................................16
6.1 Inleiding..................................................................................................16
6.2 Sympatische zenuwstelsel.....................................................................16
6.3 Parasympatisch zenuwstelsel................................................................17
1
, De gezonde mens deel 3: Het zenuwstelsel
1 Inleiding
zenuwstelsel en hormoonstelsel coördineren de activiteiten van alle
orgaanstelsels
o om homeostase te handhaven
zenuwstelsel reageert snel maar kort
hormoonstelsel reageert snel maar langer
ZS is het meest complexe orgaanstelsel
zeer wisselend activiteitenpatroon
o door elektrische prikkels die toelaten om gebeurtenissen
onmiddellijk te starten of stoppen
2
, 2 Inleiding aan de hand van anatomische en functionele
eigenschappen
2.1 Functies zenuwstelsel
1. Meet het interne en externe milieu
2. Integreert informatie van de zintuigen
3. Coördineert gewilde en ongewilde reacties van vele andere
orgaanstelsels
Functies worden uitgevoerd door neuronen/ neuroglia
2.2 Anatomische indeling
Centrale zenuwstelsel (CZS)
integreert en coördineert de verwerking van sensorische informatie (info
via onze zintuigen)
doorgeven van impulsen naar de spieren
hogere functies (intelligentie, geheugen en emoties)
Perifeer zenuwstelsel (PZS)
verzorgt alle communicatie tussen CZS en de rest van het lichaam
omvat al het zenuwweefsel buiten het CZS
3
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