Volledige samenvatting A&O (met toegevoegde notities uit de cursus)
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Course
Arbeids- En Organisatiepsychologie (000715)
Institution
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)
Dit is een volledige samenvatting van het van Arbeids- en Oraganisatie psychologie. Deze bevat zowel de powerpoint als extra uitleg geven tijdens de les als noties van uit het boek. Dit allemaal in een overzichtig document dat de nummering van het boek hanteerd, zodat alles makkelijk is terug te vi...
Arbeids- en
Organisatiepsychologie
VEERLE WEYMEERS
2021-2022
,Inhoud
Hoofdstuk 1: inleiding en situering ......................................................................................................4
1 Afbakening ...................................................................................................................................4
2 Situering van de A&O psychologie ................................................................................................4
3 Historische en maatschappelijke evoluties ...................................................................................5
4 Methodologische invloeden .........................................................................................................6
5 Evolutie van maatschappelijke beeld over de mens in een arbeidssituatie ....................................7
6 Betekenis van werk vandaag ........................................................................................................9
7 Werken: welke prestatie leveren? .............................................................................................. 10
Ht 2: enkele basisdeterminanten van gedag ...................................................................................... 12
1. Determinanten van individueel gedrag ...................................................................................... 12
1.1. Waarden ............................................................................................................................ 12
1.2. Attituden ............................................................................................................................ 13
1.4 Perceptie ............................................................................................................................. 16
1.5 Leerprocessen ..................................................................................................................... 17
2. Determinanten van gedrag in groepen ...................................................................................... 17
2.1 Definitie van groep .............................................................................................................. 17
2.2 Basiselementen ................................................................................................................... 18
2.3 Groepsbesluitvorming ......................................................................................................... 21
HT 3: diversiteit op het werk ............................................................................................................. 24
1 Lagen van diversiteit .................................................................................................................. 24
2 Discriminatietheorieën ............................................................................................................... 24
2.1 Realistische conflicttheorie .................................................................................................. 24
2.2 Sociale identiteitstheorie ..................................................................................................... 25
2.3 Similariteit-attractiviteit paradigma en contacthypothese ................................................... 26
3 Discriminaite: de lagen doorgelicht ............................................................................................ 26
3.1 geslacht ............................................................................................................................... 26
3.2 Etniciteit .............................................................................................................................. 27
3.3 Leeftijd ................................................................................................................................ 27
3.4 andere gronden voor discriminatie ...................................................................................... 28
4 Omgaan met diversiteit .............................................................................................................. 28
4.1 Benutten van diversiteit ...................................................................................................... 28
4.2 toepassing van een diversiteitbeleid .................................................................................... 29
Ht4: arbeidsmotivatie en -satisfactie ................................................................................................. 30
1 Arbeidsmotivatie ........................................................................................................................ 30
1.1 De complexiteit van motivatie ............................................................................................. 30
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, 1.2 Inhoudelijke theorieën en procestheorieën ......................................................................... 30
1.3 Algemene motivatietheorieën ............................................................................................. 30
1.4 Organisationele motivatietheorieën .................................................................................... 32
1.5 Zelfdeterminatietheorie (Ryan & Deci) ................................................................................ 36
2 Satisfactie .................................................................................................................................. 39
2.2 satisfactietheorieën ............................................................................................................. 40
2.3 Meten van satisfactie .......................................................................................................... 42
2.4 Arbeidssatisfactie in Vlaanderen .......................................................................................... 43
2.5 Correlaten van arbeidssatisfactie ......................................................................................... 43
2.6 Toepassing bij organisatieontwikkeling ................................................................................ 44
Ht 5: autonome werksystemen en job design.................................................................................... 45
1 Opsplitsing van arbeid en stress ................................................................................................. 45
2 Coördinatie van opgesplitste arbeid ........................................................................................... 45
2.1 Departementaliseren........................................................................................................... 45
2.2 Span of control (Fayol)......................................................................................................... 46
2.3 Hiërarchie............................................................................................................................ 46
3 Autonome werksystemen als reactie op taaksplitsing................................................................. 46
3.1 Systeemtheorie ................................................................................................................... 47
3.2 Toepassing: Koolmijnen van Durham ................................................................................... 48
3.3 toepassing: Autofabrieken Volvo ......................................................................................... 48
4 Job design als reactie op taaksplitsing ........................................................................................ 48
4.1 Job characteristics model (JCM) (Hackman & Oldham) ........................................................ 49
4.2 Job demands-resources model (JDR) (Schaufeli, Demerouti & Bakker) ................................. 50
Ht 6: leiderschap ............................................................................................................................... 53
1 Definitie ..................................................................................................................................... 53
2 Trait-benadering of leiderschapstrekbenadering ........................................................................ 53
3 Gedragsstijlbenadering .............................................................................................................. 53
3.1 Democratisch, autocratisch, laissez-faire (Lewin) ................................................................. 53
3.2 Consideration, initiating structure (The Ohio State Studies, Fleishman) ............................... 55
3.3 Managerial grid (Blake & Mouton) ....................................................................................... 55
4 Situationeel leiderschap ............................................................................................................. 55
4.1 Contingentiebenadering (Fiedler) ........................................................................................ 56
4.2 Pad-Doeltheorie (House) ..................................................................................................... 56
4.3 Situationele leiderschapstheorie/ Life Cycle Theory (Hersey & Blanchard) ........................... 57
4.4 Leader-member exchange (Graen) ...................................................................................... 58
5 Transformationeel leiderschap (Bass) ......................................................................................... 58
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, 6 Culturele verschillen in leiderschap ............................................................................................ 59
Ht 7: werving en selectie ................................................................................................................... 60
1 Werving van personeel............................................................................................................... 60
1.1 opbouw van de wervingsprocedure ..................................................................................... 60
2 Selectie ...................................................................................................................................... 62
2.1 Selectieprocedure ............................................................................................................... 63
2.2 Predictoren in personeelsselectie ........................................................................................ 64
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