Discusses the normal anatomy and physiological function of the skin. Details all the common dermatological skin conditions (autoimmune, blistering, infection and atopic conditions), for each condition the clinical presentation, investigations and management are provided.
Essentially a whistlestop ...
contains stem cells that can
regenerate keratinocytes
Stratum Spinosum:
This contains cells with spines, the
spines are formed by desmosomes.
Desmosomes are connections
between keratinocytes.
Stratum Granulosum:
Cells contains keratohyalin granules,
which are used to form keratin
filaments.
Stratum Lucidum:
Clear layer of dead skin cells
Stratum Corneum:
Anucleated cells
Cells are filled with keratin filaments.
(tough outer layer of skin)
Skin physiology 1
, Dermis:
Contains blood vessels (unlike
epidermis)
Connective tissue
Skin lesions:
Primary lesions:
Directly caused by disease
Macules, papules, vesicles and bulla
Secondary lesions:
modification of primary lesion, or
caused by trauma/external factor
Scale, crust, erosion, fissure and
ulcer
Primary skin lesions:
Macules and Patches:
Flat lesions (not raised)
Macule < 1cm
Patch > 1cm
Papules and Plaques:
Raised lesions
Papule < 1cm
Plaques >1cm
Skin physiology 2
, Maculopapular rash:
Collection of macules (flat) and
papules (raised) lesions
Sometimes described as Morbilliform
(looks like measles)
Common in:
Drug rash
Scarlett fever
Measles
Syphilis
Rubella
Vesicles and Bulla:
Fluid filled lesions (blisters)
Vesicle < 1cm (chicken pox)
Bulla > 1cm (bullous pemphigoid)
Pustule:
Pus filled vesicle
Normally contains a white centre
Secondary skin lesion:
Scale:
Secondary lesion
Skin physiology 3
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