Unit 5 - Principles and Applications of Science II
Institution
PEARSON (PEARSON)
This document is a revision booklet for the physics part of the unit 5 applied science exam. This booklet covers ALL of the physics topics for the exam. this booklet helped me achieve a distinction in my physics mock exam and will help you achieve a distinction in the January exam.
Unit 5 - Principles and Applications of Science II
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Unit 5: Measuring temperature- Adrian- Physics
Fahrenheit- Fahrenheit is different from other forms of measurements and has 2 fixed points. 0
degrees which is ice and 100 degrees which is boiling.
Fahrenheit measurements mean that water freezes at 32 F so anything lower than 32 probably is ice
or snow.
Water boils at 212 F
Converting between Celsius and Fahrenheit is very complicated.
The Celsius scale (known as degrees scale) is a scale usually used every day for measuring
temperature.
Celsius also has two fixed points, 0 Celsius being ice and 100 Celsius being boiling water.
The thermodynamic scale (kelvin scale) is a better scale in that one of it’s fixed points, absolute zero,
has a greater significance than either of the Celsius fixed points.
Unit 5: Temperature conversions- Adrian- Physics
How to convert C to F to K?
0 degrees Celsius is equal to 273.15 Kelvins. The basic formula is °C + 273.15 = K. The basic formula
for converting Fahrenheit into Celsius is (°F − 32) × 5/9 = °C. To convert Fahrenheit degrees into
Kelvins, (°F − 32) × 5/9 + 273.15 = K.
If the temperature is minus, for example -10, you will take the temperature number away from 273
SO, 273 take away -10 = 263 = K
Boyle’s Law
As the pressure on a gas is increased so the volume will decrease if the temperature remains
constant. This is an isothermal change.
Charles’ Law
If a gas is heated the particles move faster and faster. This makes the particle collisions, with the
container wall, more energetic and more frequent thus imparting a greater force onto the container
wall. If the container is free to expand, then it will do so until the pressure inside the container
equals the atmospheric pressure outside.
Pressure (Gay-Lussac’s) Law
If a gas is heated the particles move faster and faster. The particles collide with the side of the
container with greater energy and more frequently thus imparting a greater force onto the container
wall. If the container volume remains fixed, then the pressure increases.
, Equations
Brownian Motion
The erratic random movement of microscopic particles in a fluid, as a result of continuous
bombardment from molecules of the surrounding medium.
Brownian motion was a result of the pollen being moved by individual water molecules. This
explanation of Brownian motion served as convincing evidence that atoms and molecules exist.
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