LEWIS'
SMEDICAL-
SURGICALNURSING:
ASSESSMENTAND
MANAGEMENTOF
CLI
NICALPROBLEMS11TH
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Ch
apt
er1
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ofe
ssi
ona
lNu
rsi
ng
MUL
TIPL
ECHOI
CE
.T
1 hen
urs
ecomp
let
esa
nad
mis
siond
ata
bas
ean
dex
pla
inst
hatt
he
p
lanofc
area
ndd
isc
har
geg
oal
swi
l
lbed
eve
lop
edwi
tht
hep
ati
ent
s
i
npu
t.Th
epa
tie
nts
tat
es,
Howi
sth
isd
iff
ere
ntf
romwh
att
hed
oct
or
d
oes
?Wh
ichr
esp
ons
ewou
ldb
emos
tap
prop
ria
tef
ort
hen
urs
etoma
ke?
.T
a her
oleoft
hen
urs
eist
oad
min
ist
erme
dic
ati
onsa
nd
ot
her
tr
eat
men
tsp
res
cri
bedb
yyou
rdoc
tor
.
.T
b hen
urs
esj
obi
stoh
elpt
hed
oct
orb
ycol
l
ect
ing
i
nfor
mat
ion
andc
ommu
nic
ati
nga
nyp
rob
lemst
hat
occ
ur.
.N
c ur
sesp
erf
ormma
nyoft
hes
amep
roc
edu
resa
sth
edoc
tor
,
, b
utnu
rsesarewi
tht
hep
ati
ent
sforal
ong
ert
imet
han
t
hed
octor.
.I
d na
ddi
ti
ont
oca
rin
gfory
ouwh
il
eyoua
res
ick
,th
enu
rse
s
wil
l
assi
styout
ode
vel
opa
nin
div
idu
ali
zedp
lant
oma
int
ain
your
hea
lth
.
ANS:
D
Th
isr
esp
ons
eisc
ons
ist
entwi
tht
heAme
ric
anNu
rse
sAs
soc
iat
ion(
ANA)
d
efi
ni
ti
onofn
urs
ing
,wh
ichd
esc
ri
best
her
oleofn
urs
esi
npr
omot
ing
h
eal
th.
Theot
herr
esp
ons
esd
esc
ri
bes
omeoft
hed
epe
nde
nta
nd
c
oll
abor
ati
vef
unc
ti
onsoft
hen
urs
ingr
oleb
utd
onota
ccu
rat
el
y
d
esc
ri
bet
hen
urs
esr
olei
nth
ehe
alt
hca
res
yst
em.
DI
F:Cog
nit
iv
eLe
vel
:Un
der
sta
nd(
comp
reh
ens
ion
)RE
F:3
TOP:Nurs
ingPr
oces
s:I
mpl
eme
nta
tionMSC:
NCL
EX:
Saf
ean
dEf
fec
ti
ve
Car
eE n
vir
onment
,.T
2 hen
urs
ede
scr
ibe
stoas
tud
entn
urs
ehowt
ous
eev
ide
nce
-ba
sed
p
rac
ti
ceg
uid
eli
neswh
enc
ari
ngf
orp
ati
ent
s.Wh
ichs
tat
eme
nt,
ifma
de
b
yth
enu
rse
,wou
ldb
eth
emo
sta
ccu
rat
e?
.I
a n
fer
enc
esf
romc
li
ni
cal
res
ear
chs
tud
iesa
reu
seda
sag
uid
e.
.P
b at
ie
ntc
arei
sba
sedonc
li
ni
cal
jud
gme
nt,
exp
eri
enc
e,a
ndt
rad
iti
ons
.
.D
c at
aar
eev
alu
ate
dtos
howt
hatt
hep
ati
entou
tcome
s
a
rec
ons
ist
ent
lyme
t.
.R
d ec
omme
nda
tion
sar
eba
sedonr
ese
arc
h,c
li
ni
cal
exp
ert
is
e,
a
ndp
ati
entp
ref
ere
nce
s.
ANS:
D
E
vid
enc
e-b
ase
dpr
act
ic
e(E
BP)i
sth
eus
eoft
heb
estr
ese
arc
h-b
ase
d
e
vid
enc
ecomb
ine
dwi
thc
li
ni
ci
ane
xpe
rti
se.
Cli
ni
cal
jud
gme
ntb
ase
don
t
hen
urs
esc
li
ni
cal
exp
eri
enc
eisp
artofE
BP,
butc
li
ni
cal
dec
isi
on
ma
kin
gsh
oul
dal
soi
ncor
por
atec
urr
entr
ese
arc
han
dre
sea
rch
-ba
sed
g
uid
eli
nes
.Ev
alu
ati
onofp
ati
entou
tcome
sisi
mpor
tan
t,b
ut
i
nte
rve
nti
onss
hou
ldb
eba
sedonr
ese
arc
hfr
omr
and
omi
zedc
ont
rol
s
tud
ieswi
thal
arg
enu
mbe
rofs
ubj
ect
s.
DI
F:Cog
nit
iv
eLe
vel
:Re
memb
er(
knowl
edg
e)RE
F:1
1
TOP:Nurs
ingPr
oce
ss:
Pla
nni
ngMSC:
NCL
EX:
Saf
ean
dEf
fec
ti
veCa
re
Envi
ron
me nt
.T
3 hen
urs
ete
ach
esas
tud
entn
urs
eab
outh
owt
oap
plyt
hen
urs
ing
p
roc
esswh
enp
rov
idi
ngp
ati
entc
are
.Wh
ichs
tat
eme
nt,
ifma
deb
yth
e
s
tud
entn
urs
e,i
ndi
cat
est
hatt
eac
hin
gwa
ssu
cce
ssf
ul?
, .T
a hen
urs
ingp
roc
essi
sas
cie
nti
fi
c-
bas
edme
thodof
d
iag
nos
ingt
hep
ati
ent
she
alt
hca
rep
rob
lems
.
.T
b hen
urs
ingp
roc
essi
sap
rob
lem-
sol
vi
ngt
ool
use
dto
i
den
tif
yan
dtr
eatp
ati
ent
she
alt
hca
ren
eed
s.
.T
c hen
urs
ingp
roc
essi
sba
sedonn
urs
ingt
heor
yth
at
i
ncor
por
ate
sth
ebi
ops
ych
osoc
ial
nat
ureof
huma
ns.
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