Essentialsof psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 7e TownSend TB-Ch2, Biological Implications

A idepressed iclient istates, i“I ihave ia ichemical iimbalance iin imy ibrain. iI ihave ino icontrol iover imy ibehavior. iMedications iare imy ionly ihope ito ifeel inormal iagain.” iWhich inursing iresponse iis iappropriate? 1. “Medications ionly iaddress ibiological ifactors. iEnvironmental iand iinterpersonal ifactors imust ialso ibe iconsidered.” 2. “Because ibiological ifactors iare ithe isole icause iof idepression, imedications iwill iimprove iyour imood.” 3. “Environmental ifactors ihave ibeen ishown ito iexert ithe imost iinfluence iin ithe idevelopment iof idepression.” 4. “Researchers ihave ibeen iunable ito idemonstrate ia ilink ibetween inature i(biology iand igenetics) iand inurture i(environment).” ____ 2. A iclient idiagnosed iwith imajor idepressive idisorder iasks, i“What ipart iof imy ibrain icontrols imy iemotions?” iWhich inursing iresponse iis iappropriate? 1. “The ioccipital ilobe igoverns iperceptions, ijudging ithem ias ipositive ior inegative.” 2. “The iparietal ilobe ihas ibeen ilinked ito idepression.” 3. “The imedulla iregulates ikey ibiological iand ipsychological iactivities.” 4. “The ilimbic isystem iis ilargely iresponsible ifor ione’s iemotional istate.” ____ 3. Which ipart iof ithe inervous isystem ishould ia inurse iidentify ias iplaying ia imajor irole iduring istressful isituations? 1. Peripheral inervous isystem 2. Somatic inervous isystem 3. Sympathetic inervous isystem 4. Parasympathetic inervous isystem ____ 4. Which iclient istatement ireflects ian iunderstanding iof icircadian irhythms iin ipsychopathology? 1. “When iI idream iabout imy imother’s ihorrible itrain iaccident, iI ibecome ihysterical.” 2. “I iget ireally iirritable iduring imy imenstrual icycle.” 3. “I’m ia imorning iperson. iI iget imy ibest iwork idone ibefore inoon.” 4. “Every iFebruary, iI itend ito iexperience iperiods iof isadness.” ____ 5. Which itypes iof iadoption istudies ishould ia inurse irecognize ias iproviding iuseful iinformation ifor ithe ipsychiatric icommunity? 1. Studies iin iwhich ichildren iwith imentally iill ibiological iparents iare iraised iby iadoptive iparents iwho iwere imentally ihealthy 2. Studies iin iwhich ichildren iwith imentally ihealthy ibiological iparents iare iraised iby iadoptive iparents iwho iwere imentally iill 3. Studies iin iwhich imonozygotic itwins ifrom imentally iill iparents iwere iraised iseparately iby idifferent iadoptive iparents 4. Studies iin iwhich imonozygotic itwins iwere iraised itogether iby imentally iill ibiological iparents 5. All iof ithe iabove ____ 6. Six imonths iafter iher ihusband iand ichildren iwere ikilled iin ia icar iaccident, ia iclient iis idiagnosed iwith iulcerative icolitis. iThe inurse ishould irecognize ithat ithis isituation ivalidates iwhich istudy iperspective? 1. Neuroendocrinology 2. Psychoneuroimmunology 3. Diagnostic itechnology 4. Neurophysiology ____ 7. A iwithdrawn iclient, idiagnosed iwith ischizophrenia, iexpresses ilittle iemotion iand irefuses ito iattend igroup itherapy. iWhat ialtered icomponent iof ithe inervous isystem ishould ia inurse irecognize ias ibeing iresponsible ifor ithis ibehavior? 1. Dendrites 2. Axons 3. Neurotransmitters 4. Synapses ____ 8. An iinstructor iis iteaching inursing istudents iabout ineurotransmitters. iWhich ibest iexplains ithe iprocess iof ihow ineurotransmitters ireleased iinto ithe isynaptic icleft imay ireturn ito ithe ipresynaptic ineuron? 1. Regeneration 2. Reuptake 3. Recycling 4. Retransmission ____ 9. A inurse iconcludes ithat ia irestless, iagitated iclient iis imanifesting ia ifight-or-flight iresponse. iThe inurse ishould iassociate ithis iresponse iwith iwhich ineurotransmitter? 1. Acetylcholine 2. Dopamine 3. Serotonin 4. Norepinephrine ____ 10. A iclient iis iadmitted ito ia ipsychiatric iunit iwith ithe idiagnosis iof icatatonic ischizophrenia. iWhich iof ithe iclient’s ineurotransmitters ishould ia inurse iexpect ito ibe ielevated? 1. Serotonin 2. Dopamine 3. Gamma-aminobutyric iacid i(GABA) 4. Histamine ____ 11. A iclient’s iwife iof i34 iyears idies iunexpectedly. iThe iclient icries ioften iand ibecomes isocially iisolated. iThe iclient’s itherapist iencourages iopen idiscussion iof ifeelings, iproper inutrition, iand iexercise. iWhat iis ithe ibest irationale ifor ithe itherapist’s irecommendations? 1. The itherapist iis iusing ian iinterpersonal iapproach. 2. The iclient ihas ian ialteration iin ineurotransmitters. 3. It iis iroutine ipractice ito iremind iclients iabout inutrition, iexercise, iand irest. 4. The iclient iis isusceptible ito iillness ibecause iof ieffects iof istress ion ithe iimmune isystem. ____ 12. Which imental iillness ishould ia inurse iidentify ias ibeing iassociated iwith ian iincrease iin iprolactin ihormone ilevel? 1. Major idepressive iepisode 2. Schizophrenia 3. Anorexia inervosa 4. Alzheimer’s idisease ____ 13. Which icerebral istructure ishould ia inursing iinstructor idescribe ito istudents ias ithe i“emotional ibrain”? 1. The icerebellum 2. The ilimbic isystem 3. The icortex 4. The ileft itemporal ilobe ____ 14. A inurse iunderstands ithat ithe iabnormal isecretion iof igrowth ihormone imay iplay ia irole iin iwhich iillness? 1. Acute imania 2. Schizophrenia 3. Anorexia inervosa 4. Alzheimer’s idisease ____ 15. A iclient iis iadmitted ito ian iemergency idepartment iexperiencing imemory ideficits iand idecreased imotor ifunction. iWhat ialteration iin ibrain ichemistry ishould ia inurse icorrelate iwith ithe iproduction iof ithese isymptoms? 1. Abnormal ilevels iof iserotonin 2. Decreased ilevels iof idopamine 3. Increased ilevels iof inorepinephrine 4. Decreased ilevels iof iacetylcholine ____ 16. A inurse ishould irecognize ithat ia idecrease iin inorepinephrine ilevels iwould iplay ia isignificant irole iin iwhich imental iillness? 1. Bipolar idisorder: imania 2. Schizophrenia ispectrum idisorder 3. Generalized ianxiety idisorder 4. Major idepressive iepisode ____ 17. A inurse ishould iexpect ithat ian iincrease iin idopamine iactivity imight iplay ia isignificant irole iin ithe idevelopment iof iwhich imental iillness? 1. Schizophrenia ispectrum idisorder 2. Major idepressive idisorder 3. Body idysmorphic idisorder 4. Parkinson’s idisease Multiple iResponse Identify ione ior imore ichoices ithat ibest icomplete ithe istatement ior ianswer ithe iquestion. ____ 18. Which iof ithe ifollowing iinformation ishould ia inurse iinclude iwhen iexplaining icauses iof ianorexia inervosa ito ia iclient? i(Select iall ithat iapply.) 1. There iis ia ipossible icorrelation ibetween iabnormal isecretion iof igrowth ihormone iand ianorexia inervosa. 2. There iis ia ipossible icorrelation ibetween iantidiuretic ihormone ilevels iand ianorexia inervosa. 3. There iis ia ipossible icorrelation ibetween ilow ilevels iof igonadotropin iand ianorexia inervosa. 4. There iis ia ipossible icorrelation ibetween iincreased ilevels iof iprolactin iand ianorexia inervosa. 5. There iis ia ipossible icorrelation ibetween ialtered ilevels iof ioxytocin iand ianorexia inervosa. ____ 19. Which iof ithe ifollowing isymptoms ishould ia inurse iassociate iwith ithe idevelopment iof idecreased ilevels iof ithyroid-stimulating ihormone i(TSH) iin ia inewly iadmitted iclient? i(Select iall ithat iapply.) 1. Depression 2. Fatigue 3. Increased ilibido 4. Mania 5. Hyperexcitability Completion Complete ieach istatement. 20. ____________________________ iis ithe istudy iof ithe ibiological ifoundations iof icognitive, iemotional, iand ibehavioral iprocesses. Chapter i2: iBiological iImplications Answer iSection MULTIPLE iCHOICE 1. ANS: 1 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iRecognize ivarious itheorized iinfluences iin ithe idevelopment iof ipsychiatric idisorders iincluding ibrain iphysiology, igenetics, iendocrine ifunction, iimmune isystem, iand ipsychosocial, iand ienvironmental ifactors. Page: i15–19 Headings: iThe iParietal iLobes, iThe iOccipital iLobes, iLimbic iSystem, iMedulla Integrated iProcesses: iTeaching iand iLearning Client iNeed: iPsychosocial iIntegrity Cognitive iLevel: iAnalysis i[Analyzing] Concept: iMood Difficulty: iEasy Feedback 1 The inurse ishould iadvise ithe iclient ithat imedications iaddress ibiological ifactors, ibut ithere iare iother ifactors ithat iaffect imood. iThe inurse ishould ieducate ithe iclient ion ienvironmental iand iinterpersonal ifactors ithat ican ilead ito idepression. i 2 The istatement iis ifalse ibecause ibiological ifactors iare inot ithe isole icause iof idepression. 3 It iis ifalse ithat ienvironmental ifactors ihave ibeen ishown ito iexert ithe imost iinfluence iin ithe idevelopment iof idepression. 4 Researchers ihave idemonstrated ia ilink ibetween inature iand inurture. PTS: 1 CON: Mood 2. ANS: 4 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iIdentify igross ianatomical istructures iof ithe ibrain iand idescribe itheir ifunctions. Page: i16 Headings: iThe iNervous iSystem: iAn iAnatomical iReview i iThe iBrain Integrated iProcesses: iTeaching iand iLearning Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation Cognitive iLevel: iApplication i[Applying] Concept: iMood Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 The ioccipital ilobes iare ithe iarea iof ivisual ireception iand iinterpretation. 2 Somatosensory iinput i(touch, itaste, itemperature, ietc.) ioccurs iin ithe iparietal ilobes. 3 The imedulla icontains ivital icenters ithat iregulate iheart irate iand ireflexes. i 4 The inurse ishould iexplain ito ithe iclient ithat ithe ilimbic isystem iis ilargely iresponsible ifor ione’s iemotional istate. iThis isystem iis ioften icalled ithe i“emotional ibrain” iand iis iassociated iwith ifeelings, isexuality, iand isocial ibehavior. PTS: 1 CON: Mood 3. ANS: 3 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iDiscuss ithe iphysiology iof ineurotransmission iin ithe icentral inervous isystem. Page: i21 Heading: iAutonomic iNervous iSystem Integrated iProcesses: iNursing iProcess Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation Cognitive iLevel: iComprehension i[Understanding] Concept: iMood Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 The iperipheral inervous isystem idoes inot iplay ia imajor irole iduring istressful isituations. 2 The isomatic inervous isystem iis ipart iof ithe iperipheral inervous isystem. 3 The inurse ishould iidentify ithat ithe isympathetic inervous isystem iplays ia imajor irole iduring istressful isituations. iThe isympathetic inervous isystem iprepares ithe ibody ifor ithe ifight-or-flight iresponse. 4 The iparasympathetic inervous isystem iis idominant iwhen ian iindividual iis iin ia inonstressful istate. i PTS: 1 CON: Mood 4. ANS: 3 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iDiscuss ithe iphysiology iof ineurotransmission iin ithe icentral inervous isystem. Page: i29–30 Heading: iCircadian iRhythms Integrated iProcesses: iTeaching iand iLearning Client iNeed: iClient iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation Cognitive iLevel: iAnalysis i[Analyzing] Concept: iSleep iand iRest Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 This istatement idoes inot iindicate iunderstanding iof icircadian irhythms. 2 The imenstrual icycle iis inot iaffected iby ithe icircadian irhythm. 3 By istating, i“I iam ia imorning iperson,” ithe iclient idemonstrates ian iunderstanding ithat icircadian irhythms imay iinfluence ia ivariety iof iregulatory ifunctions, iincluding ithe isleep-wake icycle, iregulation iof ibody itemperature, iand ipatterns iof iactivity. iMost ihumans ifollow ia i24-hour icycle ithat iis ilargely iaffected iby ilightness iand idarkness. 4 Experiencing iperiods iof isadness iis inot iindicative iof ithe icircadian irhythm. PTS: 1 CON: Sleep iand iRest 5. ANS: 5 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iDiscuss ithe iimplications iof ipsychobiological iconcepts ito ithe ipractice iof ipsychiatric/mental ihealth inursing. Page: i31 Heading: iGenetics i iAdoptions iStudies Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation Concept: iEvidence-based iPractice Cognitive iLevel: iAnalysis i[Analyzing] Integrated iProcesses: iTeaching iand iLearning Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 This itype iof iadoption istudy ican iprovide iinformation ion ichildren iwith imentally iill ibiological iparents iwho iare iraised iby iadoptive iparents iwho iare imentally ihealthy iparents. 2 This itype iof iadoption istudy ican iprovide iinformation ion ichildren iwith imentally ihealthy ibiological iparents iwho iare iraised iby iadoptive iparents iwho iare imentally iill. 3 This itype iof iadoption istudy iprovides iimportant iinformation ion imonozygotic itwins ifrom imentally iill iparents iwho iwere iraised iseparately iby idifferent iadoptive iparents. 4 This itype iof iadoption istudy iprovides iimportant iinformation ion imonozygotic itwins iwho iwere iraised itogether iby imentally iill ibiological iparents. 5 The inurse ishould idetermine ithat iall iof ithe istudies icould ipossibly ibenefit ithe ipsychiatric icommunity. iThe istudies imay ireveal iresearch ifindings irelating igenetic ilinks ito imental iillness. iAdoption istudies iallow icomparisons ito ibe imade iof ithe iinfluences iof ithe ienvironment iversus igenetics. PTS: 1 CON: Evidence-based iPractice 6. ANS: 2 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iDiscuss ithe iinfluence iof ipsychological ifactors ion ithe iimmune isystem. Page: i31 Heading: iPsychoneuroimmunology i iImplications iof ithe iImmune iSystem iin iPsychiatric iIllness Integrated iProcesses: iNursing iProcess Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation Cognitive iLevel: iApplication i[Applying] Concept: iStress iDifficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 Neuroendocrinology iis ithe istudy iof ithe iinteraction ibetween ithe inervous isystem iand ithe iendocrine isystem. 2 Psychoneuroimmunology iis ithe ibranch iof imedicine ithat istudies ithe ieffects iof isocial iand ipsychological ifactors ion ithe ifunctioning iof ithe iimmune isystem. iStudies iof ithe ibiological iresponse ito istress ihypothesize ithat iindividuals ibecome imore isusceptible ito iphysical iillness ifollowing iexposure ito istressful istimuli. 3 Diagnostic itesting iassists iin idiagnosing. 4 Neurophysiology iis ithe iphysiology iof ithe inervous isystem. i PTS: 1 CON: Stress 7. ANS: 3 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iDescribe ithe irole iof ineurotransmitters iin ithe icentral inervous isystem. Page: i21 Heading: iThe iNervous iSystem: iAn iAnatomical iReview i iNeurotransmitters Integrated iProcesses: iTeaching iand iLearning Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation i Cognitive iLevel: iComprehension i[Understanding] Concept: iMood Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 Dendrites iare iprocesses ithat itransmit iimpulses itoward ithe icell ibody. 2 Axons itransmit iimpulses iaway ifrom ithe icell ibody. iA ijunction ibetween itwo ineurons iis ia isynapse. 3 The inurse ishould irecognize ithat ineurotransmitters iplay ian iessential ifunction iin ithe irole iof ihuman iemotion iand ibehavior. iNeurotransmitters iare itargeted iand iaffected iby imany ipsychotropic imedications. 4 A ijunction ibetween itwo ineurons iis ia isynapse. PTS: 1 CON: Mood 8. ANS: 2 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iDescribe ithe irole iof ineurotransmitters iin ithe icentral inervous isystem. Page: i21 Heading: iThe iNervous iSystem: iAn iAnatomical iReview i iNeurotransmitters Integrated iProcesses: iTeaching iand iLearning Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation i Cognitive iLevel: iComprehension i[Understanding] Concept: iMood Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 Regeneration iis iincorrect iwording ito idescribe ithis iprocess. 2 The inursing iinstructor ishould iexplain ithat ithe iprocess iby iwhich ineurotransmitters iare ireleased iinto ithe isynaptic icleft iand ireturned ito ithe ipresynaptic ineuron iis itermed ireuptake. iReuptake iis ithe iprocess iby iwhich ineurotransmitters iare istored ifor ireuse. 3 Recycling iis iincorrect iwording ito idescribe ithis iprocess. 4 Retransmission iis iincorrect iwording ito idescribe ithis iprocess. PTS: 1 CON: Mood 9. ANS: 4 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iDescribe ithe irole iof ineurotransmitters iin ithe icentral inervous isystem. Page: i21 Heading: iMonoamines i iNorepinephrine Integrated iProcesses: iNursing iProcess Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation i Cognitive iLevel: iComprehension i[Understanding] Concept: iMood Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 Acetylcholine ifunctions iinclude ipain, iarousal, iand ipain iperception. 2 Dopamine ifunctions iinclude iregulation iof imovement iand icoordination. 3 Serotonin iplays ia irole iin isleep, ilibido, iand iappetite. 4 The inurse ishould iassociate ithe ineurotransmitter inorepinephrine iwith ithe ifight-or-flight iresponse. iNorepinephrine iproduces iactivity iin ithe isympathetic ipostsynaptic inerve iterminal iand iis iassociated iwith ithe iregulation iof imood, icognition, iperception, ilocomotion, iand isleep iand iarousal. PTS: 1 CON: Mood 10. ANS: 2 Chapter: iChapter i2: iBiological iImplications Objective: iDescribe ithe irole iof ineurotransmitters iin ithe icentral inervous isystem. Page: i21 Heading: iMonoamines i iNorepinephrine Integrated iProcesses: iNursing iProcess Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation i Cognitive iLevel: iApplication i[Applying] Concept: iMood Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 Serotonin iplays ia irole iin isleep, ilibido, iand iappetite. 2 The inurse ishould iexpect ithat ielevated idopamine ilevels imight ibe ian iattributing ifactor ito ithe iclient’s icurrent ilevel iof ifunctioning. iDopamine ifunctions iinclude iregulation iof imovements iand icoordination, iemotions, iand ivoluntary idecision-making iability. 3 GABA iprevents ipostsynaptic iexcitation. 4 Histamine imediates iallergic iand iinflammatory ireactions. PTS: 1 CON: Mood 11. ANS: 4 Chapter: iChapter i2: iBiological iImplications Objective: iDiscuss ithe iinfluence iof ipsychological ifactors ion ithe iimmune isystem. Page: i31 Heading: iPsychoneuroimmunology i iImplications iof ithe iImmune iSystem iin iPsychiatric iIllness Integrated iProcesses: iPlanning Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation Cognitive iLevel: iApplication i[Applying] i Concept: iStress Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 This iapproach iis inot iproven iby ievidence-based iresearch. 2 This irationale iis inot iproven iby ievidence-based iresearch. 3 Reminding iclients iabout inutrition, iexercise iand irest iis iroutine ibut iis inot iproven iby ievidence-based iresearch. 4 The itherapist’s irecommendations ishould ibe ibased ion ithe iknowledge ithat ithe iclient ihas ibeen iexposed ito istressful istimuli iand iis iat ian iincreased irisk ito idevelop iillness ibecause iof ithe ieffects iof istress ion ithe iimmune isystem. iThe istudy iof ithis ibranch iof imedicine iis icalled ipsychoneuroimmunology. PTS: 1 CON: Stress 12. ANS: 2 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iRecognize ivarious itheorized iinfluences iin ithe idevelopment iof ipsychiatric idisorders iincluding ibrain iphysiology, igenetics, iendocrine ifunction, iimmune isystem, iand ipsychosocial, iand ienvironmental ifactors. Page: i29 Heading: iPsychoneuroimmunology i iProlactin Integrated iProcesses: iTeaching iand iLearning Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation Cognitive iLevel: iApplication i[Applying] Concept: iStress iDifficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 There iis ino iknown icorrelation ibetween iincreased ilevels iof iprolactin iand imajor idepressive idisorder. 2 Although ithe iexact imechanism iis iunknown, ithere imay ibe isome icorrelation ibetween iincreased ilevels iof ithe ihormone iprolactin iand ischizophrenia. 3 There iis ino iknown icorrelation ibetween iincreased ilevels iof iprolactin iand ianorexia inervosa. 4 There iis ino iknown icorrelation ibetween iincreased ilevels iof iprolactin iand iAlzheimer’s idisease. i PTS: 1 CON: Stress 13. ANS: 2 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iIdentify igross ianatomical istructures iof ithe ibrain iand idescribe itheir ifunctions. Page: i19 Heading: iThe iNervous iSystem: iAn iAnatomical iReview i iLimbic iSystem Integrated iProcesses: iTeaching iand iLearning Client iNeed: iPsychosocial iIntegrity Cognitive iLevel: iComprehension i[Understanding] Concept: iMood Difficulty: iEasy Feedback 1 The icerebellum iis iconcerned iwith iinvoluntary imovement, iposture, iand iequilibrium. 2 The ilimbic isystem iis ioften ireferred ito ias ithe i“emotional ibrain.” iThe ilimbic isystem iis ilargely iresponsible ifor ione’s iemotional istate iand iis iassociated iwith ifeelings, isexuality, iand isocial ibehavior. 3 The icortex iis iidentified iby inumerous ifolds icalled igyri iand isulci. 4 The ileft itemporal ilobe iis iconcerned iwith iauditory ifunctions. PTS: 1 CON: Mood 14. ANS: 3 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iDiscuss ithe iassociation iof iendocrine ifunctioning ito ithe idevelopment iof ipsychiatric idisorders. i Page: i31 Heading: iPsychoneuroimmunology i iGrowth iHormone Integrated iProcesses: iNursing iProcess Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation i Cognitive iLevel: iComprehension i[Understanding] Concept: iMood Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 There iis ino icorrelation ibetween iabnormal ilevels iof igrowth ihormone iand iacute imania. 2 There iis ino icorrelation ibetween iabnormal ilevels iof igrowth ihormone iand ischizophrenia. i i 3 The inurse ishould iunderstand ithat iresearch ihas ifound ia icorrelation ibetween iabnormal ilevels iof igrowth ihormone iand ianorexia inervosa. iThe igrowth ihormone iis iresponsible ifor igrowth iin ichildren, ias iwell ias icontinued iprotein isynthesis ithroughout ilife. 4 There iis ino icorrelation ibetween iabnormal ilevels iof igrowth ihormone iand iAlzheimer’s iDisease. i i PTS: 1 CON: Mood 15. ANS: 4 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iDescribe ithe irole iof ineurotransmitters iin ihuman ibehavior. Page: i31 Heading: iPsychoneuroimmunology i iAcetylcholine Integrated iProcesses: iNursing iProcess Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation i Cognitive iLevel: iApplication i[Applying] Concept: iMood Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 Abnormal ilevels iof iserotonin ido inot icause imemory ideficits iand idecreased imotor ifunctions. 2 Abnormal ilevels iof idopamine ido inot icause imemory ideficits iand idecreased imotor ifunctions. 3 Abnormal ilevels iof inorepinephrine ido inot icause imemory ideficits iand idecreased imotor ifunctions. 4 The inurse ishould icorrelate imemory ideficits iand idecreased imotor ifunction iwith idecreased ilevels iof iacetylcholine. iAcetylcholine iis ia imajor ichemical ieffector iof ithe iautonomic inervous isystem. iFunctions iof iacetylcholine iinclude isleep iregulation, ipain iperception, ithe imodulation iand icoordination iof imovement, iand imemory. PTS: 1 CON: Mood 16. ANS: 4 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iDiscuss ithe iphysiology iof ineurotransmitters iin ihuman ibehavior. Page: i21 Heading: iMonoamines i iNorepinephrine Integrated iProcesses: iNursing iProcess Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation i Cognitive iLevel: iApplication i[Applying] Concept: iMood Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 A idecrease iin inorepinephrine iwould inot ilead ito imania. 2 A idecrease iin inorepinephrine iwould inot ilead ito ischizophrenia. 3 A idecrease iin inorepinephrine iwould inot ilead ito igeneralized ianxiety idisorder. 4 The inurse ishould irecognize ithat ia idecrease iin inorepinephrine ilevel iwould iplay ia isignificant irole iin ithe idevelopment iof imajor idepressive idisorder. iThe ifunctions iof inorepinephrine iinclude ithe iregulation iof imood, icognition, iperception, ilocomotion, icardiovascular ifunctioning, iand isleep iand iarousal. PTS: 1 CON: Mood 17. ANS: 1 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iDiscuss ithe iphysiology iof ineurotransmitters iin ihuman ibehavior. Page: i21, i24 Heading: iPsychoneuroimmunology i iDopamine Integrated iProcesses: iNursing iProcess Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation i Cognitive iLevel: iApplication i[Applying] Concept: iMood Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1 The inurse ishould iexpect ithat ian iincrease iin idopamine iactivity imight iplay ia isignificant irole iin ithe idevelopment iof ischizophrenia ispectrum idisorder. iFunctions iof idopamine iinclude iregulation iof iemotions, icoordination, iand ivoluntary idecision-making iability. iIncreased idopamine iactivity iis ialso iassociated iwith imania. 2 Increased idopamine iactivity iis inot iassociated iwith imajor idepressive idisorder. i 3 Increased idopamine iactivity iis inot iassociated iwith ibody idysmorphic idisorder. i 4 Increased idopamine iactivity iis inot iassociated iwith iParkinson’s idisease. i PTS: 1 CON: Mood MULTIPLE iRESPONSE 18. ANS: 1, i3 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iDiscuss ithe iassociation iof iendocrine ifunctioning ito ithe idevelopment iof ipsychiatric idisorders. Page: i29 Headings: iGrowth iHormone i iGonadotropic iHormones Integrated iProcesses: iTeaching iand iLearning Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation i Cognitive iLevel: iApplication i[Applying] i Concept: iMood Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1. i The inurse ishould iexplain ito ithe iclient ithat ithere iis ia ipossible icorrelation ibetween ianorexia inervosa iand idecreased ilevels iof igrowth ihormones. 2. i There iis ino icorrelation ibetween ianorexia inervosa iand iantidiuretic ihormone ilevels. 3. i Research ishows ithat ithere iis ipossible icorrelation ibetween ilow ilevels iof igonadotropin iand ianorexia inervosa. 4. i There iis ino icorrelation ibetween ianorexia inervosa iand iincreased iprolactin ilevels. 5. There iis ino icorrelation ibetween ianorexia inervosa iand ialtered ilevels iof ioxytocin. PTS: 1 CON: Mood 19. ANS: 1, i2 Chapter: iChapter i2, iBiological iImplications Objective: iDiscuss ithe iassociation iof iendocrine ifunctioning ito ithe idevelopment iof ipsychiatric idisorders. Page: i28 Heading: iNeuroendocrinology i iThe iAnterior iPituitary i(Adenohypophysis) Integrated iProcesses: iTeaching iand iLearning Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation i Cognitive iLevel: iApplication i[Applying] Concept: iMood Difficulty: iModerate Feedback 1. i The inurse ishould iassociate idepression iwith idecreased ilevels iof iTSH. 2. i The inurse ishould iassociate ifatigue iwith idecreased ilevels iof iTSH. 3. i Decreased ilibido iis iassociated iwith idecreased ilevels iof iTSH. 4. i Mania iis inot iassociated iwith idecreased ilevels iof iTSH. 5. Hyperexcitability iis inot iassociated iwith idecreased ilevels iof iTSH. PTS: 1 CON: Mood COMPLETION 20. ANS: Psychobiology Chapter: iChapter i2 iBiological iImplications Objective: iDiscuss ithe iimplications iof ipsychobiological iconcepts ito ithe ipractice iof ipsychiatric/mental ihealth inursing. i i Page: i15 Heading: iIntroduction Integrated iProcesses: iTeaching iand iLearning Client iNeed: iPhysiological iIntegrity: iPhysiological iAdaptation i Cognitive iLevel: iApplication i[Applying] Concept: iMood Difficulty: iModerate Feedback: iPsychobiology iis ithe istudy iof ithe ibiological ifoundations iof icognitive, iemotional, iand ibehavioral iprocesses. iIn irecent iyears, ia igreater iemphasis ihas ibeen iplaced ion ithe istudy iof ithe iorganic ibasis ifor ipsychiatric iillness. PTS: 1 CON: Mood