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DanielsChapter 51 Hepatic, Biliary Tract, and Pancreatic Dysfunction: Nursing Management
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A child care worker complains of flu-like symptoms. On further assessment, hepatitis is
suspected. The nurse realizes that this individual is at risk for which type of hepatitis?
1. Hepatitis A
2. Hepatitis B
3. Hepatitis C
4. Hepatitis D
ANS: 1
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is spread through the fecal-oral route. Child care workers are at greater risk
because of potentially poor hygiene practices. Child care workers are not at the same risk for
contracting hepatitis B, C, or D.
2. An older male is diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver. The nurse knows that the most likely cause
of this problem is:
being in the military.
traveling to a foreign country.
drinking excessive alcohol.
eating bad food.
ANS: 3
The destruction to the liver from alcohol often progresses from fatty liver to alcoholic hepatitis and
culminates in alcoholic cirrhosis. Alcoholic cirrhosis accounts for a great number of individuals
diagnosed with this disease. Cirrhosis is not associated with being in the military, traveling to a
foreign country, or eating bad food.
3. When the liver is seriously damaged, ammonia levels can rise in the body. One of the treatments
for this is:
administering intravenous (IV) neomycin.
giving vitamin K.
MICHE 1
, 3. giving lactulose.
4. starting the patient on insulin.
ANS: 3
Lactulose is a laxative that works by pulling water into the stool. It also helps pull ammonia from the
blood into the colon for expulsion. IV antibiotics do not reduce serum ammonia levels. Vitamin K
controls bleeding, but it does not reduce ammonia levels. Insulin is not used to reduce ammonia
levels.
4. A client is scheduled for a liver biopsy. The nurse realizes that the most important sign to assess
for is:
1. infection.
2. bleeding.
3. pain.
4. nausea and vomiting.
ANS: 2
After a liver biopsy, the client is monitored for bleeding or hemorrhage. Infection and pain are of
concern, but they are not the most important signs to be monitored. Nausea and vomiting are not
typically associated with a liver biopsy.
5. The nurse realizes that the organ which is a major site for metastases, harboring and
growing cancerous cells that originated in some other part of the body, is the:
1. spleen.
2. gallbladder.
3. liver.
4. stomach.
ANS: 3
In most developed countries, this secondary type of liver cancer is more common than cancer that
originates in the liver itself. The spleen, gallbladder, and stomach are not major sites for metastases.
MICHE 2
,6. A school age child is placed on a waiting list for a liver transplant. The nurse knows that the
most common reason for children to need this type of transplant is because of:
1. cirrhosis due to hepatitis C.
2. biliary atresia.
3. diabetes.
4. Crohns disease.
ANS: 2
Biliary atresia is the most common reason for children to have a liver transplant. Cirrhosis due to
hepatitis C is the reason for most adults to have a transplant. Children do not typically need a liver
transplant for diabetes or Crohns disease.
7. Because health care workers are at a greater risk of hepatitis B infection, it is recommended that
all health care workers:
1. wash their hands often.
2. avoid foreign travel.
3. become vaccinated.
4. drink bottled water only.
ANS: 3
Because of the risk of blood and body fluid exposure, it is recommended that all health care workers
be vaccinated against hepatitis B virus. All health care workers should engage in frequent
handwashing, but handwashing is not the primary mechanism to prevent the onset of hepatitis B.
Avoiding foreign travel and drinking bottled water only will not reduce the risk of hepatitis B.
8. A client who usually smokes a pack of cigarettes a day tells the nurse that he cannot stand the
smell of smoke. The nurse realizes that this client is in which phase of hepatitis?
Preicteric
.
Icteric
.
MICHE 3
, 3 Posticteric
.
4 Recovery
.
ANS: 1
In the preicteric phase of hepatitis, some smokers will have an aversion to smoking as a first sign
of the disease. Smoking is not affected with the icteric or posticteric phases of the disease.
Recovery is not a phase of hepatitis.
9. A female client is surprised to learn that she has been diagnosed with hemochromatosis. Which
of the following should the nurse respond to this client?
1 It3doesnt affect people until they are in their 50s.
ANS:
.
Women do not experience the effects of hemochromatosis until menopause when the regular loss of
2 I would
blood stops. ask
Thisthe doctor ifishes
disorder sure about
a genetic the diagnosis.
disorder and can affect individuals of all ages. The nurse
.
should not doubt the physicians diagnosis. All women do not have this disorder.
10. A client is diagnosed with liver disease. Which of the following is one impact of this disorder on
3 Females
a clients fluidoften do not experience
and electrolyte status?the effects of the disease until menopause.
.
Hyperkalemia
.
4 All women have the disorder but not the symptoms.
.
Hypercalcemia
.
Hypernatremia
.
MICHE 4
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