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PYC3704 - Psychological Research (2021 - Semester 1 and Semester 2 - Assignment 2 Answers)
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PYC3704 - Psychological Research (2021 - Semester 1 and Semester 2 - Assignment 2 Answers) Question 1 Why do we calculate a test statistic? 1. To determine whether or not we can accept that the null hypothesis is true 2. To determine how far the observed measurements deviate from what we m...

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  • January 21, 2022
  • 15
  • 2021/2022
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • pyc3704
  • psychological research
  • pyc3704 psychological research 2021 semester 1 and semester 2 assignment 2 answers

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PYC3704 - Psychological Research (2021 - Semester
1 and Semester 2 - Assignment 2 Answers)

Question & Answers

All answers correct, With Elaborations

, Question 1

Why do we calculate a test statistic?

1. To determine whether or not we can accept that the null hypothesis is true
2. To determine how far the observed measurements deviate from what we may expect by chance
3. To get a measurement by which we can calculate the level of significance
4. To determine whether or not we can reject the alternative hypothesis

➔ Answer: Option 2 is correct.

Calculating the test statistic is the first step in a process of comparing the observed data with what may be
expected by chance (that is, if in fact the null hypothesis is true and any effects observed in the sample of
data are due to random errors).

Option 1 is not really appropriate because the emphasis is wrong here. The test statistic is calculated to
determine whether the effect is large enough to reject the null hypothesis and not to try to accept it. For
the same reason, Option 4 is not really correct (rejecting the alternative hypothesis would follow only as a
consequence of the null hypothesis not being rejected). The level of significance is not calculated but
chosen, so Option 3 is false.

Question 2

When applying a statistical test, the probability of a Type I error is equal to the probability of - - - - -.

1. rejecting H0 in error
2. rejecting H1 in error
3. accepting H0 in error
4. not accepting H1 when in fact you should

➔ Answer: Option 1 is correct.

Option 1 is basically a definition of a Type I error. Such an error occurs when a researcher rejects the null
hypothesis when it is actually true, and should not have been rejected. The p-value is a direct reflection of
the probabily of making this error. (See pp. 84 – 85 in the PYC3704 Guide).

Question 3

A researcher wants to test the hypothesis that the mean depression score on a depression scale for
patients diagnosed with clinical depression is greater than 120. The statistical hypothesis to be tested is:


2

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