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Organische chemie reacties

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De nomenclatuur van de organische moleculen wordt behandeld. Daarnaast komen de fysische eigenschappen beperkt aan bod. Een belangrijk pakket vormt de chemische reacties die plaatsvinden in de organische chemie. Naast nomenclatuur wordt ook een overzicht gegeven van hoe de verschillende reacties ge...

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  • January 22, 2022
  • 32
  • 2019/2020
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Organische chemie soorten reacties
Reactie type Stappen Eindproduct
A
L Radicalaire 1. Initiatie
→ Aantal radicalen stijgt, door UV – licht/ warmte Halogeenalkaan
K additie
A = Kettingreactie 2. Propagatie
N → Aantal radicalen stijgt
E → Verkrijgen van een kettingreactie
N
3. Terminatie
→ Aantal radicalen daalt
→ Stabieler reactieproduct




Oxidatie Gebeurt bij hoge temperatuur CO2 en H2O

,A
1. Elektrofiele additie
L Algemene
K Additie 2. Nucleofiele additie
E
N 3. Radicalaire additie
E 4. Cyclo-additie
N


Additie van H2 • Verzadiging dubbele binding Alkaan als
H2 /Pd CIS –
(Hydrogenering
• Alkeen -------> Alkaan additieproduct
) • Katalysator
-> Reden: Hoge activeringsenergie

,Additie van Elektrofiele additie
zuren ➔ Doel: Edelgasconfiguratie
o Elektronenpaar opnemen van Pi – binding
o Ontstaan sigma – binding + carbokation
o Carbokation reageer verder met nucleofiel

➔ Reacties met vb. HCl, HBr, HI, H2SO4

➔ Regel van Markovnikov
o Elektrofiel: Binding aan minst gesubstitueerde C
o Nucleofiel: Binding aan meest gesubstitueerde C


Sterk zuur vb. Elektrofiele additie Halogeenalkaan
HCl

, Zwak zuur vb. Elektrofiele additie Alcohol
H2SO4

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