Pedagogische Systemen In De Kindertijd En Adolescentie (201700102)
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Samenvattingen PSKA hoorcollege's
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Course
Pedagogische Systemen In De Kindertijd En Adolescentie (201700102)
Institution
Universiteit Utrecht (UU)
Dit is een samenvatting van de hoorcolleges van Pedagogische Systemen in de Kindertijd en Adolescentie en van enkele peerwise vragen. Dit vak is in hybride vorm gegeven dit jaar. Inclusief de antwoorden van relevante Peerwise vragen, die niet/minimaal in hoorcollege's behandeld werden.
Pedagogische Systemen In De Kindertijd En Adolescentie (201700102)
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Hoorcolleges samenvattingen
Dit is een samenvatting van de hoorcolleges van Pedagogische Systemen in de
Kindertijd en Adolescentie 2021-2022 en van enkele peerwise vragen. Dit vak is in
hybride vorm gegeven dit jaar.
Hoorcollege 1. Opvoedingstheorieën en socialisatie...............................................................5
Freud..............................................................................................................................................5
Zelfregulatie.............................................................................................................................5
Martinus Langeveld.....................................................................................................................6
Dr. Spock.......................................................................................................................................6
Socialisatie in de 20e eeuw.......................................................................................................6
Operante conditionering.......................................................................................................6
Patterson: Coercion cycle..........................................................................................................7
Sociaal cognitieve leertheorieën..............................................................................................7
Wat is een theorie?.....................................................................................................................8
Socialisatieprocessen en mechanismen..................................................................................8
Opvoeden als democratie..........................................................................................................8
Opvoedingsdimensies............................................................................................................9
Hoorcollege 2. Gehechtheid: Voorspellers en gevolgen.......................................................10
Gehechtheid meten: Instrumenten.......................................................................................10
Strange Situation Procedure (SSP)...................................................................................10
Attachment Q-sort...............................................................................................................10
Adult attachment interview (AAI).....................................................................................10
Classificatie AAI en koppeling aan SSP...........................................................................11
Voorspellers van gehechtheid................................................................................................12
Biologische factoren............................................................................................................12
Contextuele voorspellers....................................................................................................12
Sensitief en responsief ouderschap.................................................................................12
Verschillen tussen vaders en moeders.................................................................................13
Verklaringen voor de verschillen......................................................................................13
Gevolgen van gehechtheid.....................................................................................................14
Gehechtheid Interventie..........................................................................................................14
Hoorcollege 3. Gendersocialisatie..............................................................................................16
Sociale leertheorie (Bandura)..................................................................................................16
Bobo Doll Experiment.........................................................................................................16
De rol van ouders in modelling..............................................................................................17
Ouders: Bekrachtiging en straf.........................................................................................17
Seksespecifieke opvoeding................................................................................................17
Onderzoek naar sekseverschillen in agressie............................................................18
Brusjes theorieën.................................................................................................................18
De rol van peers in modelling.................................................................................................18
, Bekrachtigingsrol die peers hebben.................................................................................19
School modelling.......................................................................................................................19
Media modelling........................................................................................................................20
De rol van het kind zelf............................................................................................................22
Interactie tussen systemen.....................................................................................................22
Hoorcollege 4. De ontwikkeling van (morele) emoties..........................................................23
Theoretische perspectieven...................................................................................................23
Begrijpen van emoties..............................................................................................................24
Ontwikkelingspaden............................................................................................................24
Emotieregulatie....................................................................................................................25
Model emotiesocialisatie van Denham (1998).........................................................25
Socialisatie van morele emoties........................................................................................25
Ouders...............................................................................................................................25
Leeftijdsgenoten..............................................................................................................26
Empathie.....................................................................................................................................26
Empathie ontwikkeling........................................................................................................26
Moreel bewustzijn.....................................................................................................................27
Moreel gedrag.......................................................................................................................27
Ontwikkeling prosociaal gedrag...................................................................................27
Nuttige Peerwise antwoorden.....................................................................................28
Hoorcollege 5. Angst en depressie............................................................................................29
Angststoornis.............................................................................................................................29
Prevalentie angst.............................................................................................................30
Rol van de ouders bij angst...........................................................................................30
Genetica.......................................................................................................................30
Conditionering | Modeling | Negatieve informatie.............................................31
Opvoeding angst........................................................................................................31
Gezinsfunctioneren...................................................................................................31
Ouders bij de behandeling.................................................................................................31
Effectiviteit van CGT......................................................................................................32
Depressie....................................................................................................................................32
Depressieve episodes....................................................................................................32
Verloop depressie...........................................................................................................33
Depressieve episode......................................................................................................33
Depressieve stoornis......................................................................................................33
Disruptieve stemmingsdisregulatiestoornis..............................................................33
Persisterende depressieve stoornis............................................................................34
Prevalentie van depressie.............................................................................................34
Rol van de ouders bij depressie........................................................................................34
Genetica............................................................................................................................34
Opvoeding........................................................................................................................34
Ouder-kind relatie...........................................................................................................35
, Gezinsfunctioneren-depressie.....................................................................................35
Peerwise.................................................................................................................................36
Hoorcollege 6. Ouder-kind relaties tijdens de adolescentie................................................37
Theoretische perspectieven...................................................................................................37
Focus op individu.................................................................................................................37
Focus op relatie....................................................................................................................38
Toename gelijkwaardigheid in ouder-adolescent relatie.............................................38
Autonomie en verbondenheid...............................................................................................40
Vormen van ouderlijke controle.......................................................................................40
Autonomie en conflict.........................................................................................................41
Conflicten.........................................................................................................................41
Emotionele flexibiliteit tijdens ouder-adolescent conflict interacties............................42
Gezinnen in beweging.........................................................................................................42
Scheiding...........................................................................................................................42
Hoorcollege 7. Jeugd en Media..................................................................................................44
Wat maakt media aantrekkelijk?............................................................................................44
Moderate discrepancy hypothesis (MDH)......................................................................44
Jonge kinderen................................................................................................................44
Basisschoolleerlingen.....................................................................................................44
Adolescenten...................................................................................................................45
Sociale media........................................................................................................................45
Theorieën en empirische bevindingen.................................................................................45
Educatieve media effecten (academische vaardigheden)......................................45
Het capacity model (FISCH).........................................................................................46
Digitale apps.....................................................................................................................46
Mediageweld.........................................................................................................................46
Desensitisatie theorie....................................................................................................46
Agressie.............................................................................................................................46
ADHD................................................................................................................................47
Sociale media........................................................................................................................47
Sociale relaties.................................................................................................................47
Hyperpersonal theory of communication (Walther, 1996)...................................47
Cyberpesten.....................................................................................................................47
Zelfvertrouwen................................................................................................................47
Individuele verschillen in media effecten.............................................................................48
The differential susceptibility to media effects model (DSMM)................................48
Invloed van dispositie.....................................................................................................48
Invloed van ontwikkeling...............................................................................................49
Invloed van sociale omgeving.......................................................................................49
Samenvatting..............................................................................................................................49
Peerwise......................................................................................................................................50
Hoorcollege 8. Relaties met leeftijdsgenoten..........................................................................51
, Theorie........................................................................................................................................51
Persoonlijkheidstheorieën..................................................................................................51
Functies.......................................................................................................................................52
Ontwikkeling..............................................................................................................................52
Vroege kindertijd..................................................................................................................53
Interacties.........................................................................................................................53
Relaties..............................................................................................................................53
Groepen............................................................................................................................53
Midden kindertijd en preadolescentie.............................................................................53
Interacties.........................................................................................................................53
Relaties..............................................................................................................................54
Groepen............................................................................................................................54
Adolescent.............................................................................................................................54
Interacties.........................................................................................................................54
Relaties..............................................................................................................................54
Groepen............................................................................................................................55
Selectie en socialisatie........................................................................................................55
Sociometrische status..............................................................................................................55
Sociometrische status..............................................................................................................56
Stabiliteit sociometrische status.......................................................................................57
Meten sociometrische status............................................................................................57
Rol ouders in peer acceptatie.................................................................................................58
Vriendschapsvormen................................................................................................................58
Dyade......................................................................................................................................58
Cliques....................................................................................................................................58
Crowd.....................................................................................................................................59
Stabiliteit vriendschappen..................................................................................................59
Peer invloed................................................................................................................................60
Differential association theory van Sutherland........................................................60
Social bonding theorie van Hirschi..............................................................................61
Positieve vs negatieve invloed (Maxwell, 2002)......................................................61
Kwaliteit van peer relaties (Berndt, 2002).................................................................61
Twee methoden meten gedrag van peers.................................................................62
Samenvattend:...........................................................................................................................62
Peerwise......................................................................................................................................63
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