100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
samenvatting methoden deel 1 $6.74
Add to cart

Summary

samenvatting methoden deel 1

 12 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • Institution

Samenvatting van de slides en mijn notities. Ik was hiermee in eerste zit geslaagd.

Preview 4 out of 94  pages

  • January 24, 2022
  • 94
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary
avatar-seller
Inhoudsopgave
Les 1 : inleiding Hoofdstuk 1 (p.1-28).............................................................................................................. 6

Niet-wetenschappelijke methoden om kennis te vergaren..................................................................................6
1. Vasthoudendheid (tenacity)..........................................................................................................................6
2. intuïtie...........................................................................................................................................................6

3. autoriteit...........................................................................................................................................................7
4. Ralationisme..................................................................................................................................................7
5. Empirie...........................................................................................................................................................8

De wetenschappelijke methode............................................................................................................................8
Stap 1 : observatie.............................................................................................................................................9
Stap 2 : hypotheses vormen..............................................................................................................................9
Stap 3 : predicties vormen................................................................................................................................9
Stap 4 : evalueer..............................................................................................................................................10
Stap 5 : hypothese onderleggen, weerleggen, herspecifiëren.......................................................................10

3 belangrijke principes van de wetenschappelijke methode :............................................................................11

Pseudowetenschap.............................................................................................................................................11

Kwantitatief versus kwalitatief...........................................................................................................................12

De empirische cyclus...........................................................................................................................................12
Emirische cyclus : stap 1..................................................................................................................................13
Empirische cyclus : stap 2................................................................................................................................14
De empirische cyclus : stap 3..........................................................................................................................14
De empirische cyclus : stap 4..........................................................................................................................14
Empirische cyclus : stap 5................................................................................................................................14
Empirische cyclus : stap 6-9............................................................................................................................15
Empirische cyclus : stap 10..............................................................................................................................15

Les 2 : hypothesen formuleren, variabelen definiëren en meten Handboek hoofdstuk 2 (p.45-48) en
hoofdstuk 3 (p51-80).................................................................................................................................... 15

Hypothese formuleren........................................................................................................................................15

Variabelen definiëren en meten..........................................................................................................................16

Constructen en operationele definities...............................................................................................................17

Validiteit en betrouwbaarheid............................................................................................................................19
Validiteit..........................................................................................................................................................19
Betrouwbaarheid............................................................................................................................................20

Meetschalen........................................................................................................................................................21
Nominale meetschaal......................................................................................................................................22
Ordinale meetschaal.......................................................................................................................................22
Interval meetschaal.........................................................................................................................................22
Ratio meetschaal.............................................................................................................................................22
Interval VS ratio meetschaal...........................................................................................................................22



1

, Meet”modaliteiten”............................................................................................................................................23
Zelfrapportage.................................................................................................................................................23
Fysiologie.........................................................................................................................................................23
Gedragsmaten.................................................................................................................................................24

Andere aspecten van meten...............................................................................................................................24
Multipele metingen.........................................................................................................................................24
Sensitiviteit......................................................................................................................................................24
Artefacten........................................................................................................................................................25

Les 3 : participanten selecteren Handboek hoofdstuk 5 (p. 109-126).............................................................26

Steekproeftrekking :............................................................................................................................................26

Steekproefbias.....................................................................................................................................................27

Steekproeftrekking..............................................................................................................................................27

Probability sampling...........................................................................................................................................27
Simple random sampling.................................................................................................................................28
Systematische sampling..................................................................................................................................29
Gestratificeerde random sampling.................................................................................................................29
Proportionele gestratificeerde random sampling...........................................................................................30
Cluster sampling..............................................................................................................................................30

Nonprobability sampling.....................................................................................................................................30
Convenience sampling....................................................................................................................................30
Quota sampling...............................................................................................................................................31

Les 4 : onderzoeksstrategieën en validiteit Handboek hoofdstuk 6 (p.127-156).............................................31

Beschrijvend........................................................................................................................................................31

Correlationeel......................................................................................................................................................31

Experimenteel, quasi-experimenteel, non-experimenteel..................................................................................32

Experimenteel.....................................................................................................................................................32

Quasi-experimenteel...........................................................................................................................................33

Non-experimenteel.............................................................................................................................................33

Correlationeel versus non-experimenteel...........................................................................................................33

Onderzoeksstrategieën.......................................................................................................................................33

Externe validiteit (van de studie)........................................................................................................................34

Interne validiteit..................................................................................................................................................34

Bedreigingen van validiteit.................................................................................................................................34
Categorie 1 : bedreigingen van externe validiteit...........................................................................................35
Categorie 2 : generaliseren over kenmerken van een studie.........................................................................35
Categorie 3 : generaliseren over kenmerken van metingen...........................................................................35

storende (“confounding”) variabelen.................................................................................................................35
Omgevingsvariabelen......................................................................................................................................36
Participantvariabelen......................................................................................................................................36

2

, Tijdsgerelateerde variabelen...........................................................................................................................36

Meer over interne en externe validiteit..............................................................................................................37

!!!!! Les 5 : de experimentele onderzoeksstrategie, experimentele designs : tussen-subject degigns Handboek
hoofdstuk 7 (p.157-184) en hoofdstuk 8 (p185-210).....................................................................................38

De experimentele onderzoeksstrategie..............................................................................................................38
Oorzaak-gevolg relaties...................................................................................................................................38
Elementen van een experiment......................................................................................................................39
Bijkomende variabelen controleren................................................................................................................41
Controle condities...........................................................................................................................................42
Manipulatie-checks.........................................................................................................................................43
Externe validiteit verhogen.............................................................................................................................43

Tussen-subject desgin = independent-measures design.....................................................................................44
Karakteristieken tussen-subject design..........................................................................................................44
Voor- en nadelen.............................................................................................................................................45

Individuele verschillen.........................................................................................................................................45

Andere bedreigingen van interne validiteit........................................................................................................47
1 differentiële wrijving (=differntial attrition)................................................................................................47
Communicatie tussen 2 groepen....................................................................................................................47

Les 6 : experimentele designs : binnen-subject designs, non- en quasi- experimentele strategieën en desgins
Handboek hoofdstuk 9 (p.211-236) en hoofdstuk 10 (p.237-264)..................................................................47

Experimentele onderzoeksstrategie (les 5).........................................................................................................47

Karakteristieken binnen-subject design..............................................................................................................48

Bedreigingen voor interne validiteit...................................................................................................................48
History.............................................................................................................................................................49
Maturatie.........................................................................................................................................................49
Instrumentatie.................................................................................................................................................49
Statische regressie...........................................................................................................................................49
Orde effecten..................................................................................................................................................49

Omgaan met tijdsgerelateerde bedreigingen.....................................................................................................50
Tijd controleren...............................................................................................................................................50
Ga over op een tussen-subject design............................................................................................................50
Contrabalanceren............................................................................................................................................50
Voor- en nadelen binnen subject design........................................................................................................52

Tussen- VS binnen-subject design.......................................................................................................................52

Non-en quasi-experimentele onderzoeksstrategieën.........................................................................................52

Tussen-subject design.........................................................................................................................................53
Differentiële onderzoeksdesign......................................................................................................................53
Posttest only niet-equivalente controle groep design....................................................................................54
Pretest-posttest niet-equivalente controle groep design...............................................................................54

Binnen-subject design.........................................................................................................................................55
Pretest-posttest design...................................................................................................................................55

3

, Time-series design...........................................................................................................................................56

Designs voor ontwikkelingsonderzoek................................................................................................................56
Cross-sectioneel design...................................................................................................................................56
Longitudinaal design.......................................................................................................................................57

Overzicht.............................................................................................................................................................58

Les 7 : factoriële designs Handboek hoofdstuk 11 (p.265-294)......................................................................58

Inleiding...............................................................................................................................................................59

Hoofdeffecten en interacties...............................................................................................................................59

Types factorieële design......................................................................................................................................61
Pretest-posttest controlegroep designs (les 6)...............................................................................................62
Hogere-orde factoriële designs.......................................................................................................................63

Toepassing van factoriële designs......................................................................................................................63

Les 8 : correlationele en beschrijvende onderzoeksstrategieën Handboek hoofdstuk 12 (p.295-312) en
hoofdstuk 13 (P.313-340)............................................................................................................................. 63

Inleiding...............................................................................................................................................................63

Toepassingen......................................................................................................................................................64

Voor- en nadelen.................................................................................................................................................64

Meerdere variabelen...........................................................................................................................................65

Beschrijvende onderzoeksstrategie....................................................................................................................65
Observationeel onderzoek..............................................................................................................................65
Types observaties............................................................................................................................................66

Kleine samenvatting observationeel design.......................................................................................................67

Survey design......................................................................................................................................................67
Typen van vragen............................................................................................................................................68
Survey samenstellen.......................................................................................................................................69
Selecteer relevante en representatieve steekproef.......................................................................................70
Survey afnemen...............................................................................................................................................70

Voor- en nadelen survey design..........................................................................................................................71

Case study...........................................................................................................................................................71

Voor- en nadelen case study...............................................................................................................................71

Les 9 : Open Science niet in het handboek.................................................................................................... 72

Wat is wetenschap?............................................................................................................................................72

Wetenschappelijke cyclus...................................................................................................................................72

Publiceren............................................................................................................................................................72
Waarom?.........................................................................................................................................................72

Open science.......................................................................................................................................................73

wetenschappelijke cyclus....................................................................................................................................74

4

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller goelewinters. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $6.74. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

52510 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
$6.74
  • (0)
Add to cart
Added