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The best study material for Biochemistry and Microbiology modules. Answers to assignment questions and memos to help you get ready for exams. $17.10
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  3. University Of South Africa (Unisa)
  4.  
  5. Bsc Biochemistry And Microbiology

Exam (elaborations)

The best study material for Biochemistry and Microbiology modules. Answers to assignment questions and memos to help you get ready for exams.
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  • Course
  • Bsc Biochemistry And Microbiology
  • Institution
  • University Of South Africa (Unisa)

The best study material for Biochemistry and Microbiology modules. Answers to assignment questions and memos to help you get ready for exams.

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Document information

  • January 24, 2022
  • 2
  • 2020/2021
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • biochemistry
  • microbiology
  • microbial genetics
  • dna technology
  • bch3701
  • bch3702
  • bch3703
  • bch3704
  • mib3701
  • mib3702
  • mib3703
  • mib3704
  • enzymology
  • bmi2601
  • medical biochemistry
  • biology
  • medicinal plants

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  • University of South Africa (Unisa)
  • Bsc Biochemistry And Microbiology
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BCH3702 MEMO SEMESTER 2 2015
ASSIGNMENT 01
Due date: 21 August 2015
Your unique number is: 594176
Answer all questions

Question 1
Give a thorough explanation of the events that are likely to happen if a key enzyme
in a metabolic pathway is inhibited or is deficient [10]
• The major effects of key enzyme deficiency include amongst others
accumulation of substrate on which the enzyme act a d a decrease in the
metabolic by-products of the substrate which may have profound
physiologic/metabolic consequences.
• Blockage of all downstream reactions occurs, resulting in failure of the
pathway to complete. i.e. an enzyme deficiency causes a deficiency in
products of the reaction it catalyses, which will subsequently inhibit other
reactions that depends on the availability of those products.
• Build-up of substrate and lack of by-product may manifest as metabolic
disorders. Moreover, the accumulation of substrate might be toxic
• In the event where other enzyme(s) [from other pathways] act on the
same substrate, the deficiency of the enzyme may be minor. Similarly, in
the event where the substrate is a precursor in another metabolic
pathway, the effects may be minor. i.e., if the accumulated substrate can
leak out into other pathways to be used up).


Question 2
Explain the increase in blood concentrations of pyruvate, lactate and alanine in
individuals with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency [5]
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is important in the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-COA. In
the absence of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, pyruvate will accumulate. Pyruvate is then
reduced to lactate. More pyruvate is also transaminated to alanine. This is why a deficiency in
pyruvate dehydrogenase complex results in a high level of pyruvate, lactate and alanine in the
blood.

Question 3
Type II diabetes mellitus is managed by inhibitors of enzymes that digest
carbohydrates in the intestines.
i. Give a description type II diabetes mellitus. [5]
Briefly, diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by inability of cells to absorb glucose
from the blood, with the result that blood glucose concentration remains high
ii. Suggest a mechanism for the drugs. [5]
Enzyme inhibitors inhibit the digestion of polysaccharides in the gastrointestinal tract,
retarding absorption of monosaccharides and disaccharides by the intestinal mucosal
cells. This has an effect of reducing post-prandial hyperglycaemia.

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