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The best study material for Biochemistry and Microbiology modules. Answers to assignment questions and memos to help you get ready for exams. $17.24
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  3. University Of South Africa (Unisa)
  4.  
  5. Bsc Biochemistry And Microbiology

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The best study material for Biochemistry and Microbiology modules. Answers to assignment questions and memos to help you get ready for exams.
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  • Course
  • Bsc Biochemistry And Microbiology
  • Institution
  • University Of South Africa (Unisa)

The best study material for Biochemistry and Microbiology modules. Answers to assignment questions and memos to help you get ready for exams.

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Document information

  • January 24, 2022
  • 2
  • 2020/2021
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • biochemistry
  • microbiology
  • microbial genetics
  • dna technology
  • bch3701
  • bch3702
  • bch3703
  • bch3704
  • mib3701
  • mib3702
  • mib3703
  • mib3704
  • enzymology
  • bmi2601
  • medical biochemistry
  • biology
  • medicinal plants

Written for

  • University of South Africa (Unisa)
  • Bsc Biochemistry And Microbiology
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BCH3702 MEMO SEMESTER 2 2015
ASSIGNMENT 01
Due date: 21 August 2015
Your unique number is: 594176
Answer all questions

Question 1
Give a thorough explanation of the events that are likely to happen if a key enzyme
in a metabolic pathway is inhibited or is deficient [10]
• The major effects of key enzyme deficiency include amongst others
accumulation of substrate on which the enzyme act a d a decrease in the
metabolic by-products of the substrate which may have profound
physiologic/metabolic consequences.
• Blockage of all downstream reactions occurs, resulting in failure of the
pathway to complete. i.e. an enzyme deficiency causes a deficiency in
products of the reaction it catalyses, which will subsequently inhibit other
reactions that depends on the availability of those products.
• Build-up of substrate and lack of by-product may manifest as metabolic
disorders. Moreover, the accumulation of substrate might be toxic
• In the event where other enzyme(s) [from other pathways] act on the
same substrate, the deficiency of the enzyme may be minor. Similarly, in
the event where the substrate is a precursor in another metabolic
pathway, the effects may be minor. i.e., if the accumulated substrate can
leak out into other pathways to be used up).


Question 2
Explain the increase in blood concentrations of pyruvate, lactate and alanine in
individuals with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency [5]
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is important in the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-COA. In
the absence of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, pyruvate will accumulate. Pyruvate is then
reduced to lactate. More pyruvate is also transaminated to alanine. This is why a deficiency in
pyruvate dehydrogenase complex results in a high level of pyruvate, lactate and alanine in the
blood.

Question 3
Type II diabetes mellitus is managed by inhibitors of enzymes that digest
carbohydrates in the intestines.
i. Give a description type II diabetes mellitus. [5]
Briefly, diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by inability of cells to absorb glucose
from the blood, with the result that blood glucose concentration remains high
ii. Suggest a mechanism for the drugs. [5]
Enzyme inhibitors inhibit the digestion of polysaccharides in the gastrointestinal tract,
retarding absorption of monosaccharides and disaccharides by the intestinal mucosal
cells. This has an effect of reducing post-prandial hyperglycaemia.

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