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Samenvatting Uitgewerkte voorbeeldvragen examen digital transformation
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2022Digital transformation
EXAMENVRAGEN
,Big Questions
1. Explain the digital evolution. What are the different phases we went through over the
years? (1.1)
Phase 0: developing the internet. At that moment, the internet was not a way for people to
connect but it was more a strategic exercise in (cold) warfare (warfare = oorlog).
Phase 1: world wide web. The internet was first called ‘Arpanet’. During this phase, the first web
browser came into existence, but also the ‘www’, and the first web page.
There was less or no interaction. Only used for information and you could only read, so not
interact. Eventually big internet brands like Amazon, Yahoo, Google and Ebay were born. Collecting
information: lay-outs
Phase 2: social web + mobile. Today: ‘eat, sleep, blog, repeat’ -> social web became a big part of
our lives. Today, we participate on the web, we contribute content and we can interact with others.
Blogs were very popular and people could have online conversations. From traditional publishing
(papers) to social publishing to interacting with each other.Contributing to the web: social web,
collaborating on the web
Mobile: mobile technology is defined as any device with internet capability that is accessible from
anywhere the user is. People always have their phone with them nowadays because it’s smart,
portable, context-aware and multifunctional which can be used to make a phone call. We are
mobile anytime, anywhere, anyhow. The mobile revolution is slowing down. Mobile changed our
behaviour completely. First we had tv’s with horizontal screens, and now we have smartphones
with vertical screens. We are living in a multi-screen environment (tv, smartphones, laptops,
tablets,..). Every household has almost any form (smartphone, tv, tablet, laptop). In the morning
and the evening we use our phones and tablets the most. Throughout the day, we use our laptops
the most.
Phase 3: semantic web + AI/VR/AR. Semantic/smart web is a web where all information is
categorized and stored in such a way that a computer can understand it as well as a human. The
web is built around data. collecting knowledge: insight and data behind the documents, the
learning points → machine learning, screenless
AI/VR/AR: Real-time, personalized, and tailor made. Machines learn opportunities.
Extended reality (XR) is a combination of real and virtual world and human-machine interaction.
The XR is a real virtuality continuum.
First responder glasses:
,Virtual reality:
The internet of information will become the internet of experience.
Economic sectors that will become more important after 2025: video games, life events and video
entertainment.
Tactile experience:
Virtuality helps to push the boundaries of human perception. What we perceive in the real world is
an illusion due to the limitations of our senses. Our context changes our perception. MR helps to
overcome the limitations of our body in the real world.
Mixed reality (MR)—sometimes referred to as hybrid reality—is the merging of real and virtual
worlds to produce new environments and visualisations where physical and digital objects co-exist
and interact in real time.
The cognitive area. Most ‘knowledge jobs’ will transition to cognitive robots as they are becoming
smarter. Examples: Watson (a company, app, robot? IDK) helps to cure cancer, helps to tackle your
tax return.
Artificial intelligence helps machines/robots become smarter. For example: earbuds that translate
languages for you when someone is talking to you. The more AI we use, the smarter it gets.
Another example: facial recognition software, face capturing success.
, The Chinese police are using facial recognition sunglasses to track citizens.
AI will be(come) a commodity, always available.
Screenless: an internet based task that is accomplished without the use of a screen.
Voice assistants: Siri -> never gives the answer you’re looking for. Alexa
Augmented reality (AR) is an enhanced version of the real physical world that is achieved through
the use of digital visual elements, sound, or other sensory stimuli delivered via technology.
Phase 4: emotional web.
Emotional technology (ET) stands for measuring biometric data in order to define emotions and
then using these data as input for various digital applications. : combining it in an emotional way
(emotions with knowledge → bringing them all together in the final phase) → connecting people
and knowledge and connecting them to emotion
Hybrid:
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