Class notes
HSOM Lecture, Working Group and Literature Week 5 and 6
- Course
- Institution
HSOM Lecture, Working Group and Literature Week 5 and 6
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Merel21
Reviews received
Content preview
Week 5Lecture improvement approaches
Tools for analysis
(Re)design
o New start -> ideal situation. Project.
Continuous improvement
o Improving the existing situation. Ongoing-cyclic approach.
o Improvement tools:
Cause & effect diagram (fish bone diagram): possible causes, the results or
effects. Can be used to systematically track backwards to find a possible cause
of a quality problem (or effect). Man, method, machine, material. Find the root
causes.
Check sheet: can be used to keep track of defects or used to make sure people
collect data in a correct manner.
Histogram: presents data collected over a period as a frequency distribution
Pareto chart: can be used to find when 80% of the problems may be attributed
to 20% of the causes.
Run chart: can be used to identify when equipment or processes are not
behaving according to specifications
Scatter plot: can be used to show the relationship between two variables.
Plotting possible cause-variables against the problem can identify a possible
correlation.
Flow chart: can be used to help identify points where problems might occur or
intervention points for solution. See week 1.
Control chart: can be used to monitor a process. It shows when a process is out
of control. X and R-values.
,Theory of constraints
Principle: system output is determined by the weakest link. You can only increase the output of a system
when you improve the weakest link.
5 steps:
1. Identify the bottleneck
2. Exploit: get the most out of the constraint
3. Support the constraint -> pace speed of other processes
4. Elevate constraint in the system -> major changes. Buying more machines, hiring more staff.
5. Return to step 1.
Chain management: drum buffer rope principle. Drum is determining the speed of the process
(=bottleneck). The rope is limiting the others from walking too fast. Buffer is used to deal with the
variation. The rope is limiting the buffer.
Six sigma
Principles: statistical process control, reducing variation. The lower the variation, the higher the control.
It is a project approach: define -> measure -> analyze -> improve -> control -> define -> etc.
Define: clarifying customer requirements, select projects and targets
Measure: define performance indicators CTQ's, design measurements methods, collect data
Analyze: analyze data, identify opportunities for improvement
Improve: develop changes, implement changes
Control: monitoring process performance
Six sigma
Six sigma - statistical process control
, Purpose: determine whether the process is performing as expected. Differentiate between
systematic and random performance variation.
Visualization tools: run charts with control limits: X-chart for averages, R-chart for variation
(highest – lowest value)
The theory of constraints focuses on a specific unit which is identified as the bottleneck unit, but also
includes the search for possible solutions in other units in the chain -> true. Identify the bottleneck, get
the most out of it, defining solutions for the bottleneck using other units (focuses on the chain). Is also
about the drum-buffer-rope-principle.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Merel21. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.12. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
81113 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now