Summary
Samenvatting Bloedsomloop morfologie
- Course
- Institution
Samenvatting bloedsomloop morfologie slides prof. Verbrugghe
[Show more]
2 reviews
By: gjgf • 1 year ago
By: groenethee • 1 year ago
Seller
Follow
zGNK
Reviews received
Content preview
INHOUDHoofdstuk 1: bloed .................................................................................................................................................. 4
Morfologie van het bloed.................................................................................................................................... 4
Inleiding: samenstelling van het bloed ........................................................................................................... 4
Het beenmerg ................................................................................................................................................. 5
Morfologie van het beenmerg .................................................................................................................... 5
Bloedcelvorming in het beenmerg: hematopoïese ..................................................................................... 5
De milt ............................................................................................................................................................. 6
Macroscopisch uitzicht ................................................................................................................................ 6
Opbouw ....................................................................................................................................................... 6
Integratie ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
De rode bloedcellen (erythrocyten) ................................................................................................................ 7
De rijpe erythrocyt ...................................................................................................................................... 8
De levenscyclus van de erythrocyt: erythropoïese ..................................................................................... 8
Termen betreffende afwijkende morfologie van RBC ................................................................................. 9
De bloedplaatjes (thrombocyten) ................................................................................................................... 9
De rijpe thrombocyt .................................................................................................................................... 9
De levenscyclus van de thrombocyt: megakaryopoïese ........................................................................... 10
Fysiologische aspecten van het bloed ............................................................................................................... 10
Inleidende begrippen .................................................................................................................................... 10
Processen van bloedstolling .......................................................................................................................... 11
Vasoconstrictie (20-30 min aanhouden) ................................................................................................... 11
Aggregatie: primaire hemostase ............................................................................................................... 11
Adhesie .................................................................................................................................................. 11
Activatie ................................................................................................................................................ 11
Aggregatie ............................................................................................................................................. 12
Coagulatie: secundaire hemostase ........................................................................................................... 12
Extrinsieke stollingspathway ................................................................................................................. 12
Intrinsieke stollingspathway.................................................................................................................. 13
Common stollingspathway .................................................................................................................... 13
Processen van anti-stolling ........................................................................................................................... 13
Natuurlijke anti-stolling als controlemechanisme tijdens stolling ............................................................ 13
Afbraak van een bloedklonter: fibrinolyse ................................................................................................ 14
Toepassingen: therapie ............................................................................................................................. 14
Anti-plaatjesmiddelen ........................................................................................................................... 14
Anti-stolling ........................................................................................................................................... 14
1
,Hoofdstuk 2: het hart (cor) ................................................................................................................................... 16
Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................. 16
Uitwendige bouw van het hart ......................................................................................................................... 16
Facies sternocostalis ..................................................................................................................................... 17
Facies diaphragmatica ................................................................................................................................... 17
Het pericard ...................................................................................................................................................... 17
Inwendige bouw van het hart ........................................................................................................................... 18
Ventriculae, valvae ........................................................................................................................................ 18
Ventriculus dexter, valva tricuspidalis, valva trunci pulmonalis ............................................................... 19
Ventriculus sinister, valva mitralis, valva aortae ....................................................................................... 20
Septum interventriculare .......................................................................................................................... 22
Atria ............................................................................................................................................................... 22
Atrium dextrum, septum atriale ............................................................................................................... 22
Atrium sinistrum ....................................................................................................................................... 23
Geleidingsweefsel ......................................................................................................................................... 23
Sino-atriale knoop ..................................................................................................................................... 23
Atrioventriculaire knoop en His-bundel .................................................................................................... 23
Geleiding in de kamers .............................................................................................................................. 24
Histologie .......................................................................................................................................................... 24
Myocard ........................................................................................................................................................ 24
Kleppen ......................................................................................................................................................... 25
Geleidingsweefsel ......................................................................................................................................... 25
Integratie ........................................................................................................................................................... 26
Arteriële toevoer ........................................................................................................................................... 26
A coronaria dextra ..................................................................................................................................... 26
A coronaria sinistra ................................................................................................................................... 26
Veneuze drainage.......................................................................................................................................... 27
Lymfatische drainage .................................................................................................................................... 27
Innervatie ...................................................................................................................................................... 27
Hoofdstuk 3: het vaatstelsel ................................................................................................................................. 28
Anatomie ........................................................................................................................................................... 28
Arteries van de systeemcirculatie ................................................................................................................. 29
Aorta ascendens en takken ....................................................................................................................... 29
Arcus aortae en takken ............................................................................................................................. 29
A carotis communis ............................................................................................................................... 29
A subclavia............................................................................................................................................. 32
A axillaris ............................................................................................................................................... 33
2
, A brachialis en verder ............................................................................................................................ 34
Aorta descendens thoracalis ..................................................................................................................... 34
Viscerale takken .................................................................................................................................... 34
Parietale takken .................................................................................................................................... 34
Aorta descendens abdominalis ................................................................................................................. 35
Viscerale takken .................................................................................................................................... 35
Parietale takken .................................................................................................................................... 36
A iliaca communis ..................................................................................................................................... 36
A iliaca interna........................................................................................................................................... 37
A iliaca externa .......................................................................................................................................... 38
A femoralis en verder ................................................................................................................................ 38
Venen van de systeemcirculatie ................................................................................................................... 38
Vv cordis .................................................................................................................................................... 38
V cava superior .......................................................................................................................................... 39
Vv jugulares ........................................................................................................................................... 39
V subclavia............................................................................................................................................. 40
V cava inferior ........................................................................................................................................... 41
V iliaca communis, interna en externa ...................................................................................................... 42
Arteries van de longcirculatie ....................................................................................................................... 44
Venen van de longcirculatie .......................................................................................................................... 44
Lymfatisch systeem ....................................................................................................................................... 44
Ductus thoracicus ...................................................................................................................................... 45
Ductus lymphaticus dexter........................................................................................................................ 45
Belangrijkste lymfeklierstations ................................................................................................................ 45
Capillairen ..................................................................................................................................................... 46
Grotere bloedvaten ....................................................................................................................................... 48
Arteries ...................................................................................................................................................... 49
Venen ........................................................................................................................................................ 51
Lymfevaten .................................................................................................................................................... 51
3
,BLOED & BLOEDSOMLOOP: MORFOLOGIE
HOOFDSTUK 1: BLOED
MORFOLOGIE VAN HET BLOED
INLEIDING: SAMENSTELLING VAN HET BLOED
5-6l circulerend bloed = 8% lichaamsgewicht = 75 ml/kg
- 55-60% plasma (extracellulair vocht + mineralen + eiwitten)
o Waterige oplossing
o Elektrolyten
o Plasma proteïnen (albumine + fibrinogeen + globulines)
▪ Meeste productie in de lever
▪ Meeste belangrijk bij bloedstolling
▪ 7g/dl
▪ 25 mm Hg
▪ Elektroforese om deze plasma-eiwitten te scheiden
- 40-45% bloedcellen (erythrocyten + leukocyten + trombocyten)
Volume aantal RBC = hematokrietwaarde
- Te laag (< 45) → anemie → moeilijk transport
o Leukemie
o Te hoge afbraak van RBC
- Te hoog (> 45) → polycythemie → moeilijk stromen, viskeus → risico hart- en vaatziekten
Cellulaire componenten
- Erythrocyten
- Granulocyten (WBC)
o Neutrofielen
o Eosinofielen
o Basofielen
- Lymfocyten (WBC)
- Monocyten (WBC)
- Thrombocyten
4
, HET BEENMERG
MORFOLOGIE VAN HET BEENMERG
Embryonaal: hematopoïese in dooierzak → lever → milt
Postnataal: hematopoïese in rode beenmerg in botten
- Rode beenmerg
o Actief
o Grote hoeveelheden precursoren
▪ Granulocyten + megakaryocyten in hematopoïetische eilandjes
• Lichtere kernen (nog geen verdichting van chromatine)
▪ Macrofagen
▪ Lymfocyten + plasmacellen (aangevoerd vanuit de secundaire lymfoide organen)
o Grote hoeveelheden erythrocyten
▪ Herkenbaar door kernpycnose (= verdikken van de kern) → massa donkere kernen
o Reticulair bindweefsel (andere opvulling dan geel)
▪ Van hieruit gaan de rijpe BC naar de sinusoïden → tussen endotheel → in bloedvat
- Gele beenmerg
o Inactief
o Grote hoeveelheden vetcellen
o Kan terug overgaan naar rood beenmerg door innesteling van hematopoïetische SC
o Reticulair bindweefsel (andere opvulling dan rood)
- Rood beenmerg gaat progressief over in geel beenmerg (vervangen door vetcellen)
Volwassen: enkel nog rood beenmerg aanwezig in axiale beenderen
BLOEDCELVORMING IN HET BEENMERG: HEMATOPO ÏESE
Hematopoïetische SC gaat ontwikkelen richting BC
- SC differentiëren tot specifieke voorlopercel (bepaalde richting gedwongen)
- Afhankelijk van hormoonachtige stoffen → ontwikkeling tot RBC, WBC of BP
HSC gaan delen (schema p10)
- Myeloïde SC (progenita)
o Megakaryocyten
▪ Thrombocyten
o Erythrocyten
o Mastcellen
o Myeloblast
▪ Basofiel
▪ Neutrofiel
▪ Eosinofiel
▪ Monocyt
• Macrofagen
- Lymfoïde SC (progenita)
o B-lymfocyten
▪ Plasmacellen
o T-lymfocyten
5
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller zGNK. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.56. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67866 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now