In dit document zijn alle theorie lessen van MMD gegeven in 2021 samengevat. Hier onder valt; luchtweginfecties, urineweginfecties, antibiotica & resistentie, intravasale infecties & sepsis, huidinfecties, infecties maag-darmkannaal, immuundeficiënties & SOA's.
Diagnostiek
- Klinische diagnose
• Kinderen <1 jaar, bronchiolitis, winter
- PCR op neus- of keelwat
Behandeling
- Geen behandeling
- Ondersteunend (beademing)
- Palivizumab (Synagis ®)
• Monoklonale antilichamen ter voorkoming infectie RSV
• Alleen hoog risico patiënten
Ascultatie longen: luisteren naar de longen
Röntgenfoto (X-thorax);
, - Waar lucht zit is zwart
- Witte kwabben in longen kan vocht zijn
Pneumonie
Soorten pneumonie
o Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) vs. Figuur 0.1 pneumonie in alveoli. De alveoliare muur
Hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) wordt dikker en de lucht ruimte vult zich met vloeistof
o Mild vs. (matig) ernstig
o Typisch vs. Atypisch
o Bacterieel vs. Viraal
o Acuut vs. Subacuut/ chronisch
Indeling ernst
▪ Belangrijk diagnostiek en behandeling
Community-acquired pneumonie (CAP)
- Acute symptomatische infectie van de onderste luchtwegen.
• Infiltraat
• Ontstaan buiten ziekenhuis/verpleeghuis, of binnen 48 uur na opname
- Incidentie: 5-11/1000 volwassenen/jaar
- Mortaliteit: +/- 5500/jaar, 4% totale sterfte
Bacteriën die pneumonie kunnen veroorzaken
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Dam vormig
- Haemophillus influenzae
• Groeit alleen op chocolade agar nodig
• X & V factor
• Gram - staven
- Moraxella catarrhalis
• Schuift over plaat
• Groeit op bloed & choco agar
• Gram negatieve kok
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