ATI GERONTOLOGY FINAL QUIZ 2020 with Rationales
1. A public health nurse is planning an immunization clinic for older adults. Which of the following times should an older adult client receive the influenza vaccine?
A- Once during the client’s lifetime
B- Every 10 years
C- every 5 years
D-...
1 a public health nurse is planning an immunization clinic for older adults which of the following times should an older adult client receive the infl
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ATI GERONTOLOGY FINAL QUIZ 2020 with Rationales
1. A public health nurse is planning an immunization clinic for older adults. Which
of the following times should an older adult client receive the influenza vaccine?
A- Once during the client’s lifetime
B- Every 10 years
C- every 5 years
D- annually in the fall
Answer- d
The nurse should recommend that older adult clients receive the influenza vaccine
annually. Influenza outbreaks occur annually, and the influenza virus changes
constantly. Consequently, an influenza vaccine from a previous year will not protect a
client exposed to this year’s influenza strain. Influenza in older adults can result in the
development of primary viral influenza pneumonia, which causes several deaths a year.
An influenza vaccine given in the fall, prior to the onset of flu season, will be most
effective in preventing influenza in this target population.
A- The nurse should recognize that the older adult is at increased risk for developing
influenza due to changes in the immune system that occur with age. Prior
immunization with the influenza vaccine does not guarantee continued life-long
immunity from the illness.
B- The nurse should recognize that the influenza virus changes constantly, eliminating
the possibility of long-term immunity.
C- The nurse should recognize that because of constant changes in the influenza virus
itself, an immunization received 5 years previous will not protect the client from the
illness currently.
2. A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has right-sided heart failure.
Which of the following findings is the nurses priority?
A- Oxygen saturation is 92% on room air
B- the client consumes 20% of males
C- weight has increased 0.91 kg or to lbs in 24 hours
D- the client has 1 + edema in the lower extremities
Answer- c
The nurse should apply the urgent versus nonurgent priority-setting framework. Using
this framework, the nurse should consider urgent needs to be the priority need because
they pose more of a threat to the client. The nurse might also need to use Maslow’s
,hierarchy of needs, the ABC priority-setting framework, or nursing knowledge to
identify which finding is the most urgent. The nurse should evaluate daily weight of
client’s experiencing heart failure. A weight gain of 0.45 to 0.91 kg (1 to 2 lb) overnight
or 1.36 kg (3 lb) within one week is an indication of worsening heart failure.
A- The nurse should monitor the oxygen saturation of the client because a decrease in
oxygen saturation below 90% indicates a worsening of condition and, potentially,
pulmonary edema. Although the client’s oxygen saturation rate is less than the expected
reference range of greater than 93%, another finding is the priority.
B- The nurse should evaluate the client’s food intake and appetite. Anorexia and nausea
are common manifestations of right-sided heart failure and place the client at risk for
nutritional deficiencies; however, another finding is the priority.
D- The nurse should report pitting edema because this is an indication of fluid
retention; however, another finding is the priority.
3. A nurse is teaching an older adult client about osteoporosis. Which of the
following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
A- Cottage cheese is a good source of calcium
B- increase your caffeine intake
C- brisk walking will help prevent bone loss
D- hormone replacement therapy with estrogen will increase your risk of osteoporosis
Answer- c
The nurse should encourage weight-bearing exercises to help minimize bone loss in the
older adult client. A sedentary lifestyle, on the other hand, leads to a loss of minerals in
the bones, especially calcium and phosphorus.
A- The nurse should include dietary sources of calcium and vitamin D in the teaching.
Cottage cheese, however, is not a good source of calcium as it loses the calcium during
processing.
B- The nurse should encourage the client to limit caffeine intake because it enhances the
excretion of calcium.
D- The nurse should provide information about medications for prevention and
treatment of osteoporosis. Estrogen can reduce the fracture rate in women who have
osteoporosis, although there are other complications related to its use, such as cancer.
4. A nurse is managing an adult day care is developing a treatment plans for older
adult clients. Which of the following therapeutic strategies should the nurse use
to help the clan Chief Erikson's developmental tasks for this age group?
, A- Music therapy
B- reminiscence therapy
C- meditation therapy
D- pet therapy
Answer- b
The nurse should incorporate reminiscence therapy as a therapeutic strategy for the
purpose of encouraging clients to engage in life review. The process of sharing
memories helps clients to achieve a sense of fulfillment and self-worth and allows a
positive outcome to Erikson’s developmental task of integrity vs despair.
A- The nurse should use music therapy for the purposes of providing sensory and
intellectual stimulation, as well as maintaining or increasing the clients' levels of
physical, mental, social, or emotional functioning.
C- The nurse should encourage meditation therapy to quiet the mind and improve
overall health, such as promoting sleep, decreasing pain, and improving cognitive
function.
D- Pet therapy is beneficial for older adult clients by mitigating loneliness, promoting
better physical and mental health, and providing loving companionship.
5. A nurse is admitting an older adult client who has urinary incontinence and
smells strongly of urine. The clients partner, who has been caring for her at
home, states that he is sorry and embarrassed about the unpleasant smell. Which
of the following responses should the nurse make?
A- A lot of clients who are cared for at home have the same problem
B- don't worry about it. She will get a bath, and that will take care of the odor
C- it must be difficult to care for someone who has incontinence
D- when was the last time that she had a bath?
Answer- c
The nurse should use therapeutic responses such as acknowledgement and empathy
when addressing the client’s partner. This response is nonjudgmental and
acknowledges the effort the client’s partner has made. The use of therapeutic
communication also encourages further discussion and provides the nurse with an
opportunity to teach and to evaluate the need for assistance in the home.
A- This response is judgmental and implies that the caregiver is not able to keep the
client odor-free.
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