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Samenvatting: Biochemie: Biomoleculen & Energie 2BL (2020/2021) $9.70
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Summary

Samenvatting: Biochemie: Biomoleculen & Energie 2BL (2020/2021)

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  • Course
  • Biochemie: Biomoleculen & Energie
  • Institution
  • Karel De Grote-Hogeschool (KdG)

Samenvatting van het van Biochemie: Biomoleculen & Energie, 2BL. Hoofdstuk: Suikers, Lipiden, Eiwitten, Energie, De Krebscyclus en Oxidatieve fosforylatie. !13/20 op het MC examen!

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Document information

  • February 2, 2022
  • 28
  • 2020/2021
  • Summary

Subjects

  • suikers
  • biomoleculen
  • eiwitten
  • lipiden
  • aminozuren
  • krebscyclus
  • oxidatieve fosforylatie
  • metabolisme
  • glycogeen
  • enzymen
  • 2ml
  • 2fb
  • gibbs energie
  • kdg

Written for

  • Karel de Grote-Hogeschool (KdG)
  • Biomedische Laboratoriumtechnologie En Chemie
  • Biochemie: Biomoleculen & Energie
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1  review

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By: iliastaheri • 1 year ago

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Biomoleculen en Energie


Suikers of sachariden
Definities

- Koolhydraten-> bruto formule Cx(H2O)y
- Simpele koolhydraten:
o Mono- en disachariden-> gelijkaardige eigenschappen
- Complexe koolhydraten:
o Polysachariden-> meerdere monosachariden




Monosachariden
- Min. 3 koolhydraten-> kleine moleculen
- Aan elkaar gebonden door enkele bindingen
- Eindstandige carbonylgroep-> aldose= op C1
- Niet-eindstandige carbonylgroep-> ketose= op C2
- Belangrijke monosachariden: glucose, fructose en galactose
De triosen glyceraldehyde en dihydroxyaceton

, - Monosachariden met 3 c-atomen
- Glyceraldehyde: triose eindigt op carbonyl
- Dihydroxyaceton: triose met carbonyl als centraal
Glyceraldehyde:




-
- D en L
- Bruto formule gelijkaardig-> stereo-isomeren
- Chiraal centrum
De pentosen D-ribose en 2-deoxy-D-ribose
- Monosachariden met 5 C-atomen
- Meest geoxideerde koolstof staat van boven
- 3 chirale koolstoffen dus 2^3-> 8 stereo-isomeren
- Belangrijke pentosen
o D-ribose en 2-deoxy-D-ribose, delen van de nucleotiden in RNA en DNA
- D en L-> enantiomeren, driedimensionale spiegelbeelden
- Epimeer: 1-OH zit aan de andere kant




D-ribose:
- Aldopentose
- 3 chirale C-atomen
- -OH, gebonden aan asymmetrische C-atoom
- In Fischer projectie C4 rechts
Cyclische vorming
- Door intra moleculaire reacties-> ringsluiting van pentose

, Van universele monosachariden ribosen synthese:




- Glucose-> ribose-5-fosfaat-> nucleotide biosynthese
De hexosen D-glucose en D-fructose
- Belangrijkste monosachariden in het suikermetabolisme
o Glucose en fructose
Glucose kan voorkomen als pyranose (1 en 2) of als fruranose (3 en 4):




- O-atoom aan C5, gaat een covalente binding aan met C1
- Dit gebeurt spontaan-> mutarotatie
Andere aldohexosen:
- D-mannose-> C2-> -OH= L
- D-galactose-> C1-> -OH=L
- Dit zijn epimeren

Glycolyse:

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