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RN Mnemonics_ABC
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Exam of 32 pages for the course RN Mnemonics_ABC at RN Mnemonics_ABC (RN Mnemonics_ABC)
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RNALKALOSIS AND ACIDOSIS
AlKalosis has “K” – it’s “K”icking pH up = PH↑
AciDosis has “D” – it’s “D”ropping pH Down = PH↓
Mnemonics_ABC ACUTE INFLAMMATION FEATURES
Think: "what a cute pair of SLIPpeRs" to tie acute
ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURISM
inflammation to “SLIPR”mnemonic).
“4-A’s”
“SLIPR”
Asymptomatic
Swelling
Abdominal mass
Loss of function
Abdominal pulse
Increased heat
Aches low back
Pain
ABDOMINAL DISTENSTION
Redness
"5-F's"
ADRENAL GLAND HORMONES
Fat
“SSS”
Fluid
S-sugar (Glucocorticoids)
Feces
S-salt (Mineralocorticoids)
Flatus
S-sex (Androgens)
Fetus
AIMS for improvement
ACE INHIBITOR SIDE EFFECTS
“PETEES” AIMS
"CAPTOPRIL"
P - Patient centered care
Cough
E - Efficient
Anaphylaxis
T - Timely
Palpitations
E - Effective
Taste
E - Equitable
Orthostatic -↓BP
S - Safety
Potassium - ↑K+
ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL – CLINICAL FEATURES
Renal impairment
"HITS"
Impotence
Hallucinations (visual, tactile)
Leukocytosis
Increased vital signs & insomnia
ACID-BASE
Tremens delirium tremens (potentially lethal)
"ROME" – Respiratory Opposite, Metabolic Equal
Shakes/Sweat/Seizures/Stomach pain (N/V)
ACIDOSIS
ALCOHOLISM – BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS
» Respiratory (opposite): pH Pco2
“5-D's”
» Metabolic (equal): pH HCO3
D- Denial
ALKALOSIS
D- Dependency
» Respiratory (opposite): pH Pco2
D- Demanding
» Metabolic (equal): pH HCO3
D- Destructive
ACIDOSIS/ALKALOSIS
D- Domineering
“ROME”
ALCOHOLISM OUTCOME
Respiratory Opposite:
“BAD”
pH↑ PCO2↓ = alkalosis
B- Brain Damage
pH↓ PCO2↑ = acidosis
A- Alcoholic Hallucinosis
Metabolic Equal:
D- Death
pH↑ HCO3↑ = Alkalosis
ALDOSTERONE IS REGULATED BY:
pH↓ HCO3↓ = Acidosis
"RNA’S"
ACIDOSIS/ALKALOSIS – COMPENSTATION
Renin-angiotensin mechanism
“RUB MUB”
Na concentration in blood
Respiratory Uses Bicarb
Anp (ANP – atrial natriuretic peptide)
Metabolic Uses Breathing
Stress
,ALZHEIMER – “5 A’s” to DIAGNOSIS Isoniazid – peripheral neuritis
“5-A's” Pyrazinamide – increase uric acid
Amnesia – loss of memories Ethambutol – eye problems
Anomia – unable to recall names of everyday objects Streptomycin – ototoxic
Apraxia – unable to perform tasks of movement (use a star as these drugs stain the teeth) – ???
Agnosia – inability to process sensory information (H-eat, I-nduration) – ???
Aphasia – disruption with ability to communicate APGAR SCORING
ANGINA – PRECIPITATING FACTORS "APGAR"
"4-E's" Appearance: cyanosis--peripheral, central, none
Eating Pulse: pulse rate
Emotion Grimace: response to stimulation
Exertion (Exercise) Activity: movement of the baby (muscle tone)
Extreme Temperatures (Hot/Cold weather) Respiration: respiratory rate
“ANOREXIA” – EATING DISORDER APPENDICITIS - ASSESSMENT
A-menorrhea delayed “PAINS”
N-o organic factors accounts for weight loss Pain (RLQ) - pain in RLQ of abdomen
O-obviously thin but feels FAT Anorexia - loss of appetite
R-refusal to maintain normal body weight Increased temperature, WBC (15,000-20,000)
E-epigastric discomfort is common Nausea
X-symptoms (peculiar symptoms) Signs (McBurney's, Psoas)
I-intense fears of gaining weight ARTERIAL BLOOD GASES
A-always thinking of foods 1. look at pH:
ANOREXIA NERVOSA – CLINICAL FEATURES Low pH = acidosis
"ANOREXIC" High pH = alkalosis
A-adolescent women/Amenorrhea 2. use “ROME” mnemonic (to determine if its
N-GT alimentation (most severe cases) respiratory or metabolic):
O-obsession w/ wt. loss/becoming fat though Respiratory – Opposite
underweight Metabolic – Equal
R-refusal to eat (5% die) ASSESSING CHANGES IN BEHAVIOR
E-electrolyte abnormalities (e.g., K+, cardiac "DEMENTIA"
arrhythmia) Drug and alcohol
X-exercise Eyes and ears
I-intelligence often above average/Induced Metabolic and endocrine disorders
vomiting Emotional disorders
C-cathartic use (and diuretic abuse) Neurologic disorders
ANTICHOLINERGIC CRISIS Tumors and trauma
Can't see (blurred vision) Infection
Can't spit (dry mouth) Arterial vascular disease
Can't pee (urinary retention) ASTHMA MANAGEMENT
Can't shit (constipation) "ASTHMA"
ANTICHOLINERGIC CRISIS – SIGNS Adrenergics (Albuterol)
"SLUD" Steroids
Salivation Theophylline
Lacrimation Hydration (IV)
Urination Mask (Oxygen)
Defecation Antibiotics
ANTI-TB DRUGS & SIDE EFFECTS ASTHMA - MANAGEMENT
“RIPES” Asthma is a spasm of the airways, which causes
Rifampicin – red-orange urine difficulty breathing.
,“ASTHMA” the heart. Beta 2 beta blockers act primarily on the
Adrenergic (Albuterol) lungs.
Steroids Beta 1: heart
Theophylline Beta 2: lungs - You have one heart and two lungs
Hydration (IV) BETA BLOCKERS
Mask (Oxygen) B1 Blocks the heart (only have ONE heart)
Antibiotics B2 Blocks the lungs (have TWO lungs)
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION – NEW ONSET CAUSES BETA BLOCKER CONTRAINDICATIONS
“THE ATRIAL FIBS” "ABCDE"
Thyroid Asthma
Hypothermia Block (heart block)
Embolism (PE) COPD
Alcohol Diabetes mellitus
Trauma (cardiac contusion) Electrolyte (hyperkalemia)
Recent surgery (post CABG) BETA BLOCKERS
Ischemia "You have 1 heart and 2 lungs"
Atrial enlargement Beta-1 act primarily on heart
Lone or idiopathic Beta-2 act primarily on lungs
Fever, anemia, high-output states BLEEDING PRECAUTIONS
Infarct “RANDI”
Bad valves (mitral stenosis) R- Razor Electric/Blades
Stimulants (cocaine, theo, amphet, caffeine) A- Aspirin
ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES N- No needles (esp. in small gauge)
"LAB RAT" D- Do decrease in needle sticks)
Left Atrium: Bicuspid I - Injury (Protect from)
Right Atrium: Tricuspid BLEEDING PRECAUTIONS
ATROPINE If a patient is taking an anticoagulant to prevent
"A goes with B" blood clots there is increased risk for bleeding. Be
Atropine used to treat bradycardia. careful with blades when shaving. Do not take
aspirin as it interferes with blood clotting and can
BENNER'S MODEL magnify the effect of the medication. Avoid excess
N - Nickerr's - easy to remember b/c it rhymes with needle sticks and protect the patient from injury.
Benner's Novice – strictly able to focus on learning “RANDI”
the rules, onset of education Razor Electric/Blades
A - and - "ad"vanced beginners – distinguish Aspirin
abnormal findings but cannot readily understand Needles- small gauge
significance Decrease needle sticks
C - Comp - Competent – able to handle their pt. Injury (Protect from)
load and prioritize situation BLOOD FLOW THROUGH HEART VALVES
P - Planetary – big picture is the key word - "Tissue Paper My Ass"
Proficiency Tricuspid
E - Experts – Leader/ role model not every nurse Pulmonic
becomes one. Mitral
BETA 1 AND BETA 2 Aortic
Beta 1 adrenergic receptors are mostly found in the BLOOD GLUCOSE
heart. Beta 2 adrenergic receptors are found in Symptom Implication (rhyme)
lungs, GI tract, vascular smooth muscle, skeletal Cold and clammy . . . give hard candy
muscle, liver. Beta 1 beta blockers act primarily on Hot and dry . . . glucose is high
BLOOD TYPES
, Picture type O as a huge circle, like the universe, "TO A SIS"
because they are the universal donor. They can Terbutaline
give to everyone. Orciprenaline
However, also think of them as the “odd man out” Adrenaline
because they can only receive type O as well. They Salbutamol
are universally odd, able to give to all but only Isoprenaline
receive from themselves! Salmeterol
BODY SYSTEMS “BULIMIA” – EATING DISORDER
"MR DICE RUNS" B-binge eating
Muscle U-under strict dieting
Respiratory L-lacks control over-eating
Digestive I-induced vomiting
Integumentary M-minimum of two binge eating episodes
Circulatory I-increased/Persistent concern of body size/shape
Endocrine A-abuse of diuretics & laxatives
Reproductive BULIMIA CLIENT FINDINGS
Urinary “WASHED”
Nervous W-weight loss of 15% of original body weight
Skeletal A-amenorrhea
BRADYCARDIA & LOW BP DRUGS S-social withdrawal
“IDEA” H-history of high activity & achievement
I - Isoproterenol E-electrolyte Imbalance
D - Dopamine D-depression/ Distorted Body Image
E - Epinephrine CANCER ASSESSMENT
A - Atropine Sulfate "CAUTION"
BRADYCARDIA & LOW BLOOD PRESSURE DRUGS Change in bowel or bladder habits
This refers to symptomatic bradycardia and A sore that doesn't heal
hypotension. Bradycardia and hypotension are not Unusual bleeding or discharge
necessarily adverse clinical findings requirement Thickening or lump
treatment in and of themselves. Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
“IDEA” Obvious changes in a wart or mole
Isoproterenol Nagging cough or hoarseness
Dopamine CANCER - EARLY WARNING SIGNS
Epinephrine Cancer can sometimes be difficult to identify, but
Atropine Sulfate the earlier it is detected the better chance
BRADYCARDIA AND HYPOTENSION MEDS treatment will be effective.
"IDEA" “CAUTION UP”
Isoproterenol Change in bowel or bladder
Dopamine A lesion that does not heal
Epinephrine Unusual bleeding or discharge
Atropine Sulfate Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
BREASTFEEDING ASSESSMENT Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
"LATCH" Obvious changes in wart or mole
Latch achieved by infant Nagging cough or persistent hoarseness
Audible swallow Unexplained weight loss
Type of nipple Pernicious Anemia
Comfort of mother CANCER - INTERVENTIONS
Help given to mother with nursing “CANCER”
BRONCHODILATORS Comfort
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