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Samenvatting financiele instellingen
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Samenvatting van de hoorcolleges met eigen notities
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Financiele instellingenInhoud
Hoofdstuk 1 : meerwaarde banken ......................................................................................................... 3
Wat zijn banken? ................................................................................................................................. 3
Meerwaarde financieel system ........................................................................................................... 3
Meerwaarde banken ........................................................................................................................... 5
1. Transformatie door banken..................................................................................................... 5
2. Transformatiemarge en rentemarge ....................................................................................... 6
3. Geldschepping door banken.................................................................................................... 9
4. Overage taken van banken .................................................................................................... 12
Hoofdstuk 2 : producten banken........................................................................................................... 14
Algemeen........................................................................................................................................... 14
Beleggingsproducten ......................................................................................................................... 17
Zichtdepostio (=zichtrekening) ...................................................................................................... 17
Spaardeposito (=spaarboekje) = depositoboekje.......................................................................... 17
Termijndeposito (=termijnrekening) ............................................................................................. 18
Kasbon ........................................................................................................................................... 18
ICB.................................................................................................................................................. 20
Kredietproducten .............................................................................................................................. 31
Hypothecarie kredieten................................................................................................................. 32
Consumentenkredieten ................................................................................................................. 32
Hoofdstuk 3: risico’s banken ................................................................................................................. 33
Solvabiliteitsrisico .............................................................................................................................. 33
Kredietrisico................................................................................................................................... 34
Marktrisico .................................................................................................................................... 34
Wisselrisico .................................................................................................................................... 34
Operationeel risico ........................................................................................................................ 35
Landenrisico .................................................................................................................................. 35
Liquiditeitsrisico ................................................................................................................................ 35
Herfinancieringsrisico .................................................................................................................... 35
Opvragingsrisico ............................................................................................................................ 36
Renterisico ..................................................................................................................................... 37
Wisselrisico .................................................................................................................................... 37
Reputatierisico............................................................................................................................... 37
1
, Operationeel risico ........................................................................................................................ 38
Hoofdstuk 4: profiel en ontwikkelingen ................................................................................................ 38
Desintermediatie ............................................................................................................................... 38
Schaalvergroting ................................................................................................................................ 40
Branchevervaging .............................................................................................................................. 42
Digitalisering ...................................................................................................................................... 43
Hoofdstuk 5: financiele analyse en balansbeleid .................................................................................. 43
Financiele analyse ............................................................................................................................. 43
Rendabiliteit .................................................................................................................................. 44
Solvabiliteit .................................................................................................................................... 44
RAROC............................................................................................................................................ 50
Balansbeleid ...................................................................................................................................... 51
Definitie ......................................................................................................................................... 51
Hoe renterisico meten ? ................................................................................................................ 52
Hoe rentepositie verandereren ? .................................................................................................. 54
2
,Hoofdstuk 1 : meerwaarde banken
Wat zijn banken?
‘Kredietinstellingen zijn ondernemingen, waarvan de
werkzaamheden bestaan in het van het publiek in ontvangst
nemen van gelddeposito’s s (…) en het verlenen van
kredieten voor eigen rekening.
Bv. Ik zit 50.000 euro op de bank. Bank gebruikt dit geld voor krediet aan
de bakker te geven. Als bakker failliet is, bank verantwoordelijk. → bank
treed op als tussenpersoon
Meerwaarde financieel system
Veronderstellingen
- 2 perioden
- Dalende rendementen
Rendement daalt als investering stijgt :
bv. Als je planten dichter bij elkaar plant, dan groeien
ze minder
- Nut bepaald door 𝐶1 en 𝐶2 : U(𝐶1 , 𝐶2)
- Keuze (𝐶1 , 𝐶2 ) zodat maximalisatie nut
Lenen is mogelijk → goederen “vooruit verkopen”
Q : beste punt
Restrictie haalbaar gebied : onder & links van FYL Fil :
- Zelfde rente voor sparen en lenen
𝐶2 = 𝑌2 + (𝑌1 − 𝐶1 ) + (𝑌1 − 𝐶1 ) ∗ 𝑟
3
, FIL:
→ helling bepaalt door r → ∆r leidt tot ∆helling
= snijpunt met Y-as
Z : beginsituatie
Voorbeeld 1 : Voorbeeld 2 :
nu sparen & minder consumeren
→ volgende periode meer
Voorbeeld 3: Voorbeeld 4 :
Spaarzaam leven periode 1
Eerst van Z nr Q, dan van Q nr Q* Lenen om investering te financieren
4
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