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Samenvatting organische chemie: Intermoleculaire interacties $3.75   Add to cart

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Samenvatting organische chemie: Intermoleculaire interacties

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Samenvatting organische chemie: Intermoleculaire reacties

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  • February 7, 2022
  • 4
  • 2019/2020
  • Summary
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Intermoleculaire interacties
Algemeen
- Hoe hoger EN  hoe meer het bindings-e naar zich toe trekt (hoe groter ionair karakter)
- Dipool ontstaat + partiële ladingen
o Grootste EN  trekt meest e aan  -
o Kleinste EN  trekt minder e aan  +
- Verschil EN stijgt  verschuiving e wordt groter
- e in  binding zijn beweeglijker dan die van  binding

Dipoolmoment
- Sterkte van dipool uitgedrukt in Debye (D)
- =Qxr
o Q = verschil in EN
o r = atoomstraal
- 2 atomen  dipoolmoment atoombinding
- > 2 atomen  afhankelijk van:
o Dipoolmoment van ALLE polaire bindingen
o Geometrie molecule

Verschil polaire en apolaire molecule
- Polair
o + en – pool
o Som ladingsvectoren  0
- Apolair
o Niet polair
o Som ladingsvectoren = 0



Fysische eigenschappen

Aggregatietoestanden
- Vast  moleculen dicht opeen  interacties sterk
- Vloeibaar  meer afstand tussen moleculen  interacties zwakker
- Gas  moleculen kunnen vrij bewegen  geen interacties (ideale gassen)

Smeltpunt – kookpunt
- Hoe sterker de intermoleculaire interacties in de vaste fase
o Hoe hoger het smeltpunt
- Hoe sterker de intermoleculaire interacties in de vloeibare fase
o Hoe hoger het kookpunt
- Smelten/koken = verbreken van intermoleculaire interacties
o Hoe sterker  hoe moeilijker  hoe meer energie nodig

Mengen – oplossen
- Hoe vergelijkbaarder de intermoleculaire interacties, hoe vlotter ze oplossen/mengen
- H-bruggen zijn belangrijk

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