Covering the basics through advanced operation of spark-ignition and diesel engines.
Written by one of the most recognized and highly regarded names in internal combustion engines this trusted educational resource and professional reference covers the key physical and chemical processes that gov...
1.1. Theorie wrijving
a) droge wrijving : geen smeermiddel 0,5 < f < 1 voor
de meeste metalen
b) met smeermiddel
- hydrodynamisch : vgl van Petroff – getal van Sommerfeld
voor glijlagers
- grenssmering
1.2. Wrijving in verschillende motoronderdelen
1.2.1. Zuigerwrijving
- gewoonlijk belangrijkste wrijvingsbron
⎧ − ΔT over cilinderhoogte
- f varieert cyclisch ⎨
⎩ − filmdikte door zuigersnelheid
in midden zuigerslag misschien volmaakte smering
in D.P. zeker grenssmering
- wrijving door segmenten, belangrijker dan zuiger
→ opletten : motoren met kruishoofd ⇒ anders
1.2.2. Krukaslagers
- na zuiger belangrijkste bron wrijving
-volle hydrodynamische smering f <<
(uitgezonderd bij starten)
- toch groot wrijvingsvermogen wegens :
• grote krachten → (polair diagram lagerbelasting)
• grote snelheid
1.2.3. Andere onderdelen
kleppen, zuigerpen, … weinig vermogen
wms slide 1.
, 2. Mechanisch rendement
Pe
ηm =
Pi
zelfaanzuigende motoren en turbo opgeladen motoren
→ niet voor volumetrisch oplading
Pe
ηm = → niet voor carter gespoelde motoren
Pe + Pr + Ph
Pr = organisch wrijvingsvermogen
Ph = vermogen hulptoestellen
⎧ − DIN
dus bij deellast Ph = 0,4 Pe waardoor :
ηm ↓ en dus ηe ↓ en be ↑
auto werkt veel bij deellast
wms slide 2.
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