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samenvatting fysica miv wiskunde: harmonische beweging

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Samenvatting van de powerpoints van dit hoofdstuk voor het vak fysica miv wiskunde

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  • February 9, 2022
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  • 2020/2021
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Fysica miv wiskunde : Fysica - TRILLINGEN



Harmonische beweging
 Vergelijking van een eenvoudige harmonische beweging: x(t) = A.sin(ω t + ∅)
 ω = 2πf =

T
=
k
m √
o Massa m kan wrijvingsloos bewegen over de tafel
o Massa m oscilleert/trilt rond de evenwichtsstand
o Kracht F van de veer is tegengesteld aan de verplaatsing F= - kx

 Harmonische beweging met amplitude A
 Periode T : tijd die nodig is voor één oscillatie
 Frequentie f : aantal oscillaties per seconde f=
1
T
T=

ω
T = 2π
√m
k

positie: x(t) = A.cos(ω t)




snelheid : v(t) = -Aω sin(ω t)




versnelling : a(t) = -Aω 2cos(ω t) = -ω 2x(t)


Energie bij harmonische beweging
Potentiële energie
U = ½kA2cos2(ω t)

Kinetische energie
K = ½kA2sin2(ω t)

Totale energie: E = K + U = ½kA2

Harmonische en cirkelbeweging
Eenparige cirkelbeweging
2
mv
 Centripetale kracht: Fc = - = -mω 2r
r
 Projectie op x-as: Fx = -mω 2x = -kx

 Als een punt een eenparige cirkelvormige beweging uitvoert, is zijn projectie op de x-
as een harmonische beweging.




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