Course Name: The Media Landscape
Tutorial Group Number: 4
Assignment 1
Date : 16/02/2020
Word count : 770
Since the 19th century, new technologies have been developed at an increasingly
faster rate, from the telegraph until virtual reality. With such novelty being
constantly developed, scholars have developed four types of technological
innovation relating to their technical value and their impact on the market. The
first type is routine innovation, which are small innovation a company does to
their existing products in order to improve them (Pisano, 2015). Their industry is
already in equilibrium and only slight changes are made. Another type of
innovation is radical innovation, which occurs when transformational technology
is introduced that could affect the company’s business model, but not the
market. Yet it still threatens incumbents as it has the potential to make their
technologies obsolete. The third type of technological innovation is disruptive
technology, which involves fairly simple new technologies that have a huge
impact on the market structure and business model, threatening incumbents on
the long term. These technological changes don’t necessarily happen at once,
but rather may be a long process until it finally forces incumbents to shift their
business strategies. (Christensen, 1997) The last type of technological innovation
is architectural, which introduces a major change to both business models and
technology. These changes are often unpredictable and incumbents tend to
underestimate their effectiveness, as they are difficult to accomplish.
One example of a market-based disruptive technology are audiobooks.
Audiobooks are not a recent technological innovation, dating back to 1932
(Thoet, 2017). Back then, they were created by the American Foundation for the
Blind, recorded on vinyl records and soon they were commissioned by the
American government. Throughout the 20th century, audiobooks became
increasingly popular and available in public spaces, especially with new
technologies such as the cassette and the compact disk. However, it still hadn’t
threatened the incumbent industry that were book publishers, which began to
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller cmbalves14. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $5.86. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.