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BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTORS
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BJTs are conducted with three doped semiconductor regions separated by two pn junctions the three regions are called emitter, base and collector
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Bipolar Junction Transistors(BJTs)
❑ BJT is constructed with three doped
semiconductor regions separated by two pn
junctions
❑ The three regions are called emitter, base and
collector
Base Base
Collector Emitter Collector Emitter
n p n p n p
Base-collector Base-emitter
junction junction PNP transistor
NPN transistor
Department of EE 1
, Bipolar Junction Transistors
(BJTs)….
❑ The base region is lightly doped and very narrow
compared to the heavily doped emitter and
collector regions
❑ The term Bipolar refers to the use of both holes
and electrons as carriers in the transistor
❑ In order for the transistor to function, the base-
emitter and base-collector pn junctions have to be
correctly biased (i.e. Forward or Reverse Bias)
Department of EE 2
, NPN BJTs
❑ We shall use the NPN transistor for illustration
Emitter Collector
n p n
Base-Emitter Base Base-Collector
junction junction +
- (Reverse
(Forward
Biased) Biased) -
+
❑ The transistor pn junctions are forward-reverse
biased
Department of EE 3
, NPN BJTs….
❑ We shall use the NPN transistor for illustration
n p n
Emitter Collector
IE IC
e e
+
- Base-Emitter Base-Collector
junction e junction
(Forward (Reverse
IB
-
+ Biased) Biased)
Department of EE 4
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