Summary
Notarieel vennootschapsrecht volledige samenvatting
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By: jelemmens • 2 months ago
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VennootschapsrechtAlain François (advocaat)
Inhoudsopgave
Introductie..................................................................................................................................................... 4
Overzicht....................................................................................................................................................... 5
Inleiding en context....................................................................................................................................... 8
Digitale volmacht...........................................................................................................................................10
Digitale algemene vergadering......................................................................................................................11
Richtlijn 2019/1151...................................................................................................................................... 11
Reden voor Europese Belangstelling..................................................................................................................12
Richtlijn 2019/1151............................................................................................................................................12
Eerste vernieuwing: wijzigingen voor alle authentieke akten.......................................................................15
Online oprichting van rechtspersonen...............................................................................................................17
Wat?...............................................................................................................................................................17
Waarom? (want geen verplichting om online op te richten?)......................................................................17
Hoe?...............................................................................................................................................................18
Termijn voor oprichting.................................................................................................................................23
Mandatendatabank...........................................................................................................................................24
Tot slot….............................................................................................................................................................26
Conflictenbeslechting in vennootschappen: rol van de notaris onderschat?..................................................28
Opzet en inleiding...............................................................................................................................................28
Opzet..............................................................................................................................................................28
Inleiding.........................................................................................................................................................29
Overzicht van de vennootschapsrechtelijke actiemiddelen...........................................................................33
Vennootschapsinterne actiemiddelen................................................................................................................34
Overzicht........................................................................................................................................................34
Troeven en uitdagingen van de statutaire uittreding....................................................................................45
Troeven en uitdagingen van de statutaire uitsluiting...................................................................................46
Statutaire vs. Wettelijke geschillenregeling: besluit.....................................................................................47
Vennootschapsexterne actiemiddelen (wel beroep/ inmenging rechter)..........................................................48
Overzicht........................................................................................................................................................48
Uitsmijter: “woelige” AV....................................................................................................................................59
Overzicht........................................................................................................................................................59
Besluit............................................................................................................................................................60
Vennootschappen en vermogensplanning: Tim Roovers...............................................................................61
Agenda...............................................................................................................................................................62
Vermogensplanning en de nood aan vennootschappen....................................................................................62
Wat is vermogensplanning?..........................................................................................................................62
Hoe kan het vennootschapsrecht een antwoord bieden?............................................................................65
De vennootschap als tool van vermogensplanning: de maatschap..................................................................65
1
, WVV: Nieuwe definitie “vennootschap”.......................................................................................................65
Gevolgen voor de maatschap........................................................................................................................67
De maatschap als controlevehikel.................................................................................................................69
De maatschap en…........................................................................................................................................72
De vennootschap als voorwerp van vermogensplanning..................................................................................80
Familiale bedrijfsoverdracht: 1 begrip, vele invalshoeken............................................................................80
Wisselwerking statuten en aandeelhoudersovereenkomst..........................................................................81
Vennootschapsdoelen (Maxime Verheyden)................................................................................................83
Context...............................................................................................................................................................84
Times they are a-changin’..............................................................................................................................84
Heropleving van het corporate purpose-debat.............................................................................................84
Tal van beleidsinitiatieven.............................................................................................................................85
Juridisch kader van de ‘andere doelen’..............................................................................................................87
Terminologie..................................................................................................................................................87
Even terug in de tijd.......................................................................................................................................87
Gewijzigde wettelijke randvoorwaarden.......................................................................................................88
Een bescheiden doelstelling..........................................................................................................................89
Met uiteenlopende en soms potentieel verstrekkende interpretaties, bv...................................................90
(Onzekere) rechtgevolgen.............................................................................................................................90
Zeer licht gereguleerd....................................................................................................................................93
Contrast: erkende sociale onderneming (“so”).............................................................................................94
Break-out sessie/ Plenaire sessie.......................................................................................................................96
Thema 1: omschrijving...................................................................................................................................96
Thema 3: bestuur...........................................................................................................................................98
Thema 4: vermogensbescherming................................................................................................................99
Thema 5: handhaving..................................................................................................................................101
Topic 5: Kapitaal en vermogen................................................................................................................... 102
Plan...................................................................................................................................................................102
Algemeen: vermogen als basiskenmerk van de vennootschap.......................................................................102
De kapitaalloze BV...........................................................................................................................................104
Basisprincipes..............................................................................................................................................104
Vermogensvorming bij oprichting...............................................................................................................105
Effecten........................................................................................................................................................109
Bijkomende inbrengen en uitgifte nieuwe aandelen..................................................................................112
Instandhouding vermogen..........................................................................................................................118
De kapitaalloze CV...........................................................................................................................................123
Werkcollege: kapitaalverhoging door inbreng in natura en inbreng in geld (NV)...........................................124
Achtergrond.................................................................................................................................................124
Topic 6: creatief met de BV........................................................................................................................ 126
Inhoud..............................................................................................................................................................126
Probleemstelling en opzet................................................................................................................................126
Instrumenten van creativiteit...........................................................................................................................130
Creatief met (on)overdraagbaarheid van aandelen........................................................................................133
Creatief bij samenstelling van het bestuur......................................................................................................142
Twee geschillenregelingen voor de prijs van één in de nietgenoteerde BV...............................................146
Troeven en uitdagingen van de statutaire uittreding..................................................................................147
Troeven en uitdagingen van de statutaire uitsluiting.................................................................................148
2
, Creatief met vertrek van aandeelhouders: wees gemodereerd.................................................................149
Topic 7: Corporate real estate: vastgoedgerelateerde aandelentransacties – Dario Petosa en Victor
Vanbeylen.................................................................................................................................................. 149
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................................149
Inhoud..............................................................................................................................................................150
Asset vs. share deals........................................................................................................................................150
De notaris als zakenman..................................................................................................................................154
De share deal: verloop van een transactie.......................................................................................................155
a) Precontractuele fase...............................................................................................................................155
b) Contractuele fase....................................................................................................................................165
c) Afsluiting (Closing)...................................................................................................................................168
d) De notaris als Escrow Agent bij SPA........................................................................................................169
D. In de praktijk................................................................................................................................................170
Voorbeeldclausules......................................................................................................................................170
Workshop.........................................................................................................................................................175
Casus in précontractuele fase......................................................................................................................175
De SPA in de praktijk........................................................................................................................................176
Case study – feiten......................................................................................................................................176
Case study – aandachtspunten (vastgoed)deal...........................................................................................176
Tal van clausules..........................................................................................................................................177
Topic 8: Ontbinding van vennootschappen – Alvin Wittens.........................................................................187
Plan van de uiteenzetting ...............................................................................................................................187
Belang..............................................................................................................................................................187
Ontbinding en vereffening .............................................................................................................................188
Toepasselijk recht & grensoverschrijdende zetelverplaatsing ........................................................................195
Toepasselijk recht .......................................................................................................................................195
Grensoverschrijdende zetelverplaatsing ....................................................................................................196
Einde.................................................................................................................................................................198
Topic 9: Overheidsvennootschappen (Eerste hulp bij NV’s van publiek recht) – Tina COEN..........................199
Welke vennootschappen?................................................................................................................................199
Tips & tricks: 4 vuistregels................................................................................................................................201
Identificeer het regelgevend kader dat op een bepaalde NV van publiek recht van toepassing kan zijn..201
Bepaal de onderlinge verhouding tussen het publiek recht en het vennootschapsrecht..........................205
Pas op voor vennootschapsrechtelijke reflexen en faux amis....................................................................210
Hou rekening met de unieke interne dynamiek binnen NV’s van publiek recht........................................213
Besluit...............................................................................................................................................................214
Topic 10: Bestuur en aansprakelijkheid : bestuur van NV, BV en CV............................................................215
Plan...................................................................................................................................................................215
Overzicht van de bestuursorganen:.................................................................................................................215
De NV................................................................................................................................................................215
De BV en de CV............................................................................................................................................217
Corporate Governance Codes...........................................................................................................................218
Samenstelling van het bestuursorgaan en statuut van de leden in NV, BV en CV..........................................221
3
, Benoeming...................................................................................................................................................221
Aantal leden.................................................................................................................................................227
Vereisten om bestuurder te zijn..................................................................................................................228
Bijzonderheden m.b.t. de enige bestuurder van de NV..............................................................................231
Aanvaarding en bekendmaking...................................................................................................................232
Duur van het mandaat.................................................................................................................................233
Statuut van de bestuurder...........................................................................................................................233
Beëindiging van het bestuursmandaat – herroeping, vrijwillig ontslag en bekendmaking........................237
Bevoegdheden van het bestuur.......................................................................................................................240
Dagelijks bestuur..............................................................................................................................................260
Topic 11: Aandeelhoudersovken en overlopen examenvragen....................................................................261
Inleiding – Impact van het WVV op problematiek aandeelhoudersovereenkomsten.....................................261
Aandeelhoudersafspraken: wat – wanneer – waarom?..................................................................................263
Wettelijk kader............................................................................................................................................264
Statutaire (statuten) of onderhandse afspraken?...........................................................................................265
Stemafspraken.................................................................................................................................................267
Wettelijke regeling.......................................................................................................................................267
Wettelijke geldigheidsvoorwaarden voor stemafspraken opdat ze geldig zijn..........................................267
Sanctie..........................................................................................................................................................269
Belangrijk.....................................................................................................................................................270
Voorbeelden................................................................................................................................................270
Overdracht van aandelen.................................................................................................................................271
Wettelijk kader............................................................................................................................................271
Concrete clausules die in wet geregeld zijn................................................................................................276
Sanctie..........................................................................................................................................................280
Overdrachtsbeperkingen: voorbeelden......................................................................................................281
Exameninformatie..................................................................................................................................... 296
Feedback examen...................................................................................................................................... 297
Proefexamen notarieel vermogensrecht..................................................................................................... 306
Deel 1................................................................................................................................................................306
Introductie
- Canvas
o Pwp vennootschaprecht op canvas: basiscursus (wordt geacht gekend te zijn)
o Bestanden voor de colleges: bestanden staan elke maandag online (voor de
les)
Modelen die online staan = documenten van hoe het er in de praktijk
er uit ziet
Die kan je niet studeren, maar moet je begrijpen voor
vaardigheidsvraag voor examen “situeer het model en de
wettigheid ervan”
- Wetboek van vennootschappen en verenigingen (WVV)
4
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