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Samenvatting 'diverse en krachtige leeromgevingen'
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samenvatting van het vak 'diverse en krachtige leeromgevingen'. Geslaagd voor dit vak.
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Diverse en krachtige leeromgevingen1. Krachtig leren ........................................................................................................................................ 4
1.1 Leerstrategieën..................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1.1 Dual Coding ..................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1.2 Verwerking ...................................................................................................................................... 6
1.1.3 Concrete voorbeelden ..................................................................................................................... 6
1.1.4 Retrieval practice ............................................................................................................................. 6
1.1.5 Spaced practice ............................................................................................................................... 7
1.1.6 Interleaving ...................................................................................................................................... 8
1.2 Executieve functies ............................................................................................................................... 8
1.3 Krachtig leren ..................................................................................................................................... 10
2. Diversiteit ............................................................................................................................................ 12
2.1 Kennismaking ..................................................................................................................................... 12
2.2 Visie op diversiteit .............................................................................................................................. 12
2.3 Leren VOOR diversiteit ....................................................................................................................... 13
2.3.1 Multiperspectiviteit ....................................................................................................................... 14
2.3.2 Leren-van-elkaar ............................................................................................................................ 14
2.3.3 Dialoog en samenwerking ............................................................................................................. 14
2.3.4 Normaliteit .................................................................................................................................... 14
2.3.5 Onbevooroordeeldheid en non-discriminatie ............................................................................... 14
2.3.6 Flexibiliteit ..................................................................................................................................... 14
2.4 Leren IN diversiteit.............................................................................................................................. 14
2.4.1 Veelzijdig en gevarieerde aanpak .................................................................................................. 15
2.4.2 Breed observeren .......................................................................................................................... 15
2.4.3 Leeromgeving verbreden .............................................................................................................. 15
2.4.4 Samenwerkend leren..................................................................................................................... 15
2.4.5 Heterogene groepsvorming........................................................................................................... 16
3. Doelgericht werken ............................................................................................................................. 16
3.1 Modernisering SO ............................................................................................................................... 16
3.2 Nieuwe eindtermen ............................................................................................................................ 16
3.2.1 Sleutelcompetenties ...................................................................................................................... 16
3.2.2 Onderwijsdoelen per sleutelcompetentie ..................................................................................... 17
3.2.3 Soorten onderwijsdoelen .............................................................................................................. 18
3.2.4 Eerste graad SO ............................................................................................................................. 19
3.2.5 2e en 3e graad SO ........................................................................................................................... 19
3.2.6 Soorten onderwijsdoelen .............................................................................................................. 19
3.3 Format onderwijsdoelen..................................................................................................................... 19
3.4 Leerplannen SO................................................................................................................................... 21
3.4.1 Opbouw leerplan openbaar onderwijs .......................................................................................... 21
3.5 Lesvoorbereiding ................................................................................................................................ 21
3.5.1 Selecteren van ET .......................................................................................................................... 22
3.5.2 Selecteren van leerplandoelen ...................................................................................................... 23
4. Leren leren en leercompetenties ......................................................................................................... 23
1
, 4.1 Leerlingen beter doen leren via scaffolding........................................................................................ 23
4.2 Leren leren .......................................................................................................................................... 23
4.2.1 Wat is leren leren? ........................................................................................................................ 23
4.2.2 Doelen: wat moeten leerlingen op het vlak van leren leren bereiken? ........................................ 23
4.2.3 Executieve functies (vervolg) ......................................................................................................... 24
4.2.4 Hoe kunnen leerkrachten LR LR stimuleren? ................................................................................ 25
4.2.5 Onderwijsaanpak bij elk onderdeel van leren leren ...................................................................... 25
5. Breed observeren ................................................................................................................................ 26
5.1 Beginsituatie....................................................................................................................................... 27
5.1.1 Pedagogische beginsituatie ........................................................................................................... 27
5.1.2 Didactische beginsituatie............................................................................................................... 27
5.1.3 Observatiegegevens ...................................................................................................................... 27
5.2 Specifieke beginsituaties (voor BSO-leerlingen) ................................................................................. 28
6. Samenwerkend leren en activerende werkvormen .............................................................................. 29
6.1 Samenwerkend / coöperatief leren .................................................................................................... 29
6.2 Activerende werkvormen.................................................................................................................... 31
7. Feedback ............................................................................................................................................. 32
7.1 Niveau 1: taakgerichte feedback ........................................................................................................ 33
7.2 Niveau 2: procesgerichte feedback .................................................................................................... 33
7.3 Niveau 3: zelfregulerende feedback ................................................................................................... 33
7.4 Niveau 4: persoonsgerichte feedback................................................................................................. 33
7.5 Mindset .............................................................................................................................................. 34
8. Binnenklasdifferentiatie ...................................................................................................................... 34
8.1 Theoretisch kader ............................................................................................................................... 34
8.2 Definitie en voorbeelden .................................................................................................................... 35
8.3 Deel 1: Op basis waarvan kan je differentiëren? ................................................................................ 35
8.4 Deel 2: Welke elementen kan je bespelen? ........................................................................................ 36
8.5 Differentiatie naar leerdoelen ............................................................................................................ 36
8.6 Differentiatie naar methodische aanpak............................................................................................ 37
8.6.1 Groeperingsvormen....................................................................................................................... 37
8.6.2 Werkvormen .................................................................................................................................. 39
8.6.3 Instructies ...................................................................................................................................... 39
8.6.4 Tempo............................................................................................................................................ 40
8.7 Differentiatie naar evaluatie .............................................................................................................. 40
8.8 Differentiatie naar bijkomende ondersteuning door peers of collega’s ............................................. 40
8.9 Differentiatie naar feedback .............................................................................................................. 40
8.10 Differentiatie naar eindproduct.......................................................................................................... 41
8.11 Differentiatie naar leermaterialen en media ...................................................................................... 41
8.12 Toepassingen ...................................................................................................................................... 41
9. Zorg: goed omgaan met lln met specifieke onderwijsbehoeften .......................................................... 42
9.1 Visie en beeldvorming ........................................................................................................................ 42
2
, 9.2 VN-verdrag en decreten: kaders voor inclusief onderwijs .................................................................. 42
9.2.1 VN-Verdrag inzake de rechten van personen met een handicap .................................................. 42
9.2.2 Vlaams gelijkekansen- en gelijkbehandelingsdecreet ................................................................... 42
9.2.3 M-decreet ...................................................................................................................................... 43
9.3 Hoe kunnen we als school en als leerkracht goed omgaan met lln met specifieke
onderwijsbehoeften? ........................................................................................................................................ 44
9.3.1 Focus 1: Zorgvisie .......................................................................................................................... 44
9.3.2 Focus 2: Fasen binnen zorgcontinuüm .......................................................................................... 45
9.4 Onderwijsaanbod voor lln met SPON ................................................................................................. 47
10. Zorg: leer- en ontwikkelingsstoornissen in de klaspraktijk ............................................................... 48
10.1 Leerstoornissen................................................................................................................................... 48
10.1.1 Inleiding .................................................................................................................................... 48
10.1.2 Dyslexie en dysorthografie ....................................................................................................... 48
10.1.3 Dyscalculie ................................................................................................................................ 50
10.1.4 Dyspraxie .................................................................................................................................. 51
10.1.5 Conclusie ................................................................................................................................... 51
10.2 ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) ................................................................................ 51
10.2.1 Omschrijving ............................................................................................................................. 51
10.2.2 Diagnose ................................................................................................................................... 52
10.2.3 Behandeling .............................................................................................................................. 53
10.2.4 Onderwijsaanbod...................................................................................................................... 54
10.2.5 Belangrijke aandachtspunten als leerkracht............................................................................. 55
10.2.6 STICORDI-maatregelen ............................................................................................................. 55
10.3 ASS (Autisme Spectrum Stoornis) ....................................................................................................... 55
10.3.1 Omschrijving ............................................................................................................................. 55
10.3.2 Diagnose ................................................................................................................................... 56
10.3.3 Belangrijke aandachtspunten ................................................................................................... 57
10.3.4 STICORDI-maatregelen ............................................................................................................. 57
10.3.5 Onderwijsaanbod...................................................................................................................... 58
3
, DKL
1. Krachtig leren
1.1 Leerstrategieën
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