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NR293 Final Exam Study Guide (Latest-2022)/ NR 293 Final Exam Study Guide/ NR293 Pharmacology Final Exam Study Guide / NR 293 Pharmacology Final Exam Study Guide: Chamberlain University |Latest and Updated Guide|
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Course
NR293: Pharmacology For Nursing Practice
Institution
Chamberlain College Of Nursing
NR293 Final Exam Study Guide (Latest-2022)/ NR 293 Final Exam Study Guide/ NR293 Pharmacology Final Exam Study Guide / NR 293 Pharmacology Final Exam Study Guide: Chamberlain University |Latest and Updated Guide|
NR293 Pharm Final Exam Study Guide (Latest-2022)/ NR 293 Pharm Final Exam Study Guide...
nr293 final exam study guide latest 2022 nr 293 final exam study guide nr293 pharmacology final exam study guide nr 293 pharmacology final exam study guide chamberlain university |latest and up
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Chamberlain College Of Nursing
NR293: Pharmacology For Nursing Practice
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1
, Tissue injury causes the release of the following:
fentanyl, and methadone (watch out for addiction and resp. depression)
Meperidine: not recommended for long-term use because of the accumulation of a
neurotoxic metabolite, normeperidine, which can cause seizures
Opioid Ceiling Effect(this is where the people ―addicted‖ like to live)
Drug reaches a maximum analgesic effect
Analgesia does not improve, even with higher doses
Pentazocine
Nalbuphine
Mechanism of Action
Agonists
Bind to an opioid pain receptor in the brain
Cause an analgesic response (reduction of pain sensation)
Agonists-Antagonists
Bind to a pain receptor
Cause a weaker neurologic response than a full agonist
Also, called partial agonist or mixed agonist
Antagonists
Reverse the effects of these drugs on pain receptors
Bind to a pain receptor and exert no response
Also, known as competitive antagonists
3
, Equianalgesia
Hydromorphone (Dilaudid): seven times more potent than morphine (>7/10 pain scale)
Indications
Opioids are also used for:
Cough center suppression
Treatment of diarrhea
Balanced anesthesia
Contraindications
Severe asthma
Use with extreme caution in patients with:
Respiratory insufficiency
Elevated intracranial pressureCan be used to treat this condition as well
Morbid obesity or sleep apnea
Paralytic ileus
Pregnancy
Adverse Effects
CNS depression
Leads to respiratory depression
Most serious adverse effect
Nausea and vomiting
Urinary retentionDiaphoresis and flushingPupil constriction (miosis)
ConstipationItching
Opioids Tolerance
4
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