Sources of nutrition: Teaching about Natural sources of Folate
Folate (folic acid is the synthetic form) is required for hemoglobin and amino acid
synthesis, cellular reproduction, and prevention of neural tube defects in utero.
Deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia, CNS disturbances, a...
Sources of nutrition: Teaching about Natural sources of Folate
Folate (folic acid is the synthetic form) is required for hemoglobin and amino acid
synthesis, cellular reproduction, and prevention of neural tube defects in utero.
Deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia, CNS disturbances, and fetal neural tube defects
(spina bifida and anencephaly). It is important that all women of child-bearing age get an
adequate amount of folate due to neural tube formation occurring early in gestation, often
before a woman knows she is pregnant.
Folate occurs naturally in a variety of foods including liver, dark-green leafy vegetables,
citrus fruits, whole-grain products, and legumes.
Cardiovascular and hematologic disorders: Heart healthy diet
Preventative Nutrition
Consuming a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet can reduce the risk of developing CHD.
Daily cholesterol intake should be less than 200 mg.
Increasing fiber and carbohydrate intake, avoiding saturated fat, and decreasing red meat
consumption can decrease the risk for developing CHD.
Increased intake of omega-3 fatty acids found in fish, flaxseed, soy beans, canola, and
walnuts reduces the risk of coronary artery disease.
Therapeutic Nutrition
Secondary prevention efforts for CHD are focused on lifestyle changes that lower LDL.
These include a diet low in cholesterol and saturated fats, a diet high in fiber, exercise and
weight management, and smoking cessation.
Daily cholesterol intake should be less than 200 mg/day. Saturated fat should be limited
to less than 7% of daily caloric intake
Sources of Nutrition: Identifying low phosphorus foods
Major sources: Dairy, peas, soft drinks, meat, eggs, some grains
Findings of deficiency: Calcium level changes, muscle weakness
Findings of excess: Skeletal porosity, decreased calcium levels, must stay in balance with
calcium
Nursing implications: Evaluate the use of antacids (note type) and the use of alcohol.
, Religion has a profound influence on foodways, especially because religion crosses geographic
boundaries. Implications include:
Feasting/celebration foods.
Special food preparations (kosher kitchens in Orthodox Jewish homes).
Prescriptive guidelines for animal slaughter (Islam and Orthodox Judaism).
Avoidance of stimulants (coffee, tea, caffeinated soda) by Muslims and Mormons.
The practice of vegetarianism by Seventh-Day Adventists and some Buddhists.\Fasting
for religious holidays (Ramadan for Muslims, or refraining from meat consumption on
Ash Wednesday and Fridays during Lent for Catholics).
Seventh Adventist dietary: Vegetarian
Individuals following a pure vegan diet do not consume animal products of any type,
including eggs and milk products. These diets are often adequate in protein due to the
intake of nuts and legumes (dried peas and cooked beans). Vitamin B12and vitamin D
supplementation may be needed with a pure vegan diet.
A pure vegan diet requires that a variety of plant materials be consumed in specific
combinations in order to ensure essential amino acid intake.
Individuals following a lacto vegetarian diet consume milk products in addition to
vegetables.
Individuals following a ovo-lacto vegetarian diet consume milk products and eggs in
addition to vegetables.
Enteral nutrition: Caring for a client who has diarrhea
Consider a change in formula.
Decrease the flow rate for the infusion.
Increase the volume of free water if constipated.
Administer the EN at room temperature.
Take measures to prevent bacterial contamination.
GI disorders: recommended foods for pt with diarrhea
Diarrhea may cause significant losses of potassium, sodium, and fluid, as well as
nutritional complications.
A high-fiber diet may be prescribed, unless it is the fiber that is causing the diarrhea.
Nutrition therapy varies with the severity and duration of diarrhea. A liberal fluid intake
to replace losses is needed.
Fiber
Fiber is categorized as a carbohydrate, but it does not yield energy for the body.
Dietary fiber is the substance in plant foods that is indigestible. Types are pectin, gum,
cellulose, and mucilage.
Fiber is important for proper bowel elimination. It adds bulk to the feces and stimulates
peristalsis to ease elimination.
Studies show fiber helps to lower cholesterol and lessen the incidence of intestinal
cancers.
Sources:
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