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Samenvatting Algemene Orthopedagogie
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Algemene orthopedagogiek1
,Inhoud
1. Inleiding..............................................................................................................................................5
1.1. Inhoud van dit deel......................................................................................................................5
1.2. Doelstellingen..............................................................................................................................5
1.3. Werkvormen................................................................................................................................5
1.4. Evaluatie en tips bij het studeren................................................................................................5
2. Examenbundel....................................................................................................................................5
2.1. Bij 4.4.: Opvoeden en begeleiden vroeger...................................................................................5
3. Orthopedagogie(k).............................................................................................................................5
3.1. Orthopedagogiek als wetenschap................................................................................................5
3.1.1. ‘Een schoon beroep’.............................................................................................................5
3.1.2. What’s in a name?................................................................................................................6
3.1.3. Evolutie.................................................................................................................................6
3.1.4. Orthopedagogie – orthopedagogiek.....................................................................................6
3.1.5. Evolutie van de orthopedagogiek als wetenschap................................................................6
3.2. Begeleiden: wat is dat eigenlijk?..................................................................................................7
3.3. Het ecologisch model van de menselijke ontwikkeling als kader................................................7
4. Begeleiden staat niet los van cultuur en maatschappij......................................................................7
4.1. Inleiding.......................................................................................................................................7
4.2. Begeleiden krijgt een andere invulling naargelang de tijdsgeest en de maatschappelijke
waarden..............................................................................................................................................8
4.3. Het belang van naamgeving en beeldvorming.............................................................................8
4.3.1. Naamgeving en terminologie................................................................................................8
4.3.2. Beeldvorming........................................................................................................................9
4.3.3. Een naam … een beeld........................................................................................................10
4.3.4. De invloed van de media op beeldvorming........................................................................10
4.3.5. Betekenis voor de (toekomstig) begeleider........................................................................10
4.4. Opvoeden en begeleiden vroeger.............................................................................................11
4.4.8. besluit: drie centrale basishoudingen.................................................................................12
4.5. Opvoeden en begeleiden in de Eigen tijd (vanaf 1945).............................................................13
4.5.1. Globale verschuivingen.......................................................................................................13
4.5.2. Maatschappelijke visies in de Eigen Tijd.............................................................................13
4.5.3. Separatie/segregatie...........................................................................................................14
4.5.4. Integratie............................................................................................................................14
4.5.5. Normalisatie.......................................................................................................................16
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, 4.5.6. Emancipatie........................................................................................................................18
4.5.7. Empowerment....................................................................................................................19
4.5.8. Inclusie (huidige visie).........................................................................................................20
4.6. Enkele belangrijke opmerkingen bij de maatschappelijke visies...............................................21
4.7. Concretisatie: oefeningen..........................................................................................................22
4.7.1. Oefening 1..........................................................................................................................22
4.7.2. Oefening 2..........................................................................................................................22
5. Opvoeder-begeleiders streven naar kwaliteit van bestaan..............................................................23
5.1. Inleiding.....................................................................................................................................23
5.2. Kwaliteit van bestaan.................................................................................................................23
5.2.1. Betekenis begrip.................................................................................................................23
5.2.2. 8 domeinen volgens Schalock.............................................................................................23
5.3. Vraaggerichte ondersteuning....................................................................................................25
6. Orthopedagogiek vandaag................................................................................................................25
6.1. Inleidend....................................................................................................................................25
6.2. Ter Horst....................................................................................................................................25
6.2.1. Oefening.............................................................................................................................25
6.2.2. Betekenisverlening.............................................................................................................26
6.2.3. De volle werkelijkheid !!.....................................................................................................26
6.2.4. Dialoog................................................................................................................................27
6.2.5. Problematische opvoedingssituatie (POS)..........................................................................28
6.2.5.2. De POS ontwarren...........................................................................................................29
6.2.6. Dialogische grondvormen...................................................................................................32
6.3. Kok.............................................................................................................................................34
6.3.1. Inleiding..............................................................................................................................34
6.3.2. Het opvoedproces: opvoeden en ontwikkelen...................................................................34
6.3.3. Het opvoedingsproces: link met het ecologisch model van de menselijke ontwikkeling....39
6.3.4. Orthopedagogische vraagstelling.......................................................................................39
6.3.5. Specifiek opvoeden.............................................................................................................40
6.3.6. Orthopedagogische strategie..............................................................................................41
6.3.7. Illustratie.............................................................................................................................41
6.4. Smis...........................................................................................................................................42
6.4.1. Het moeilijk opvoedbaar kind.............................................................................................42
6.4.2. De residentiële behandeling...............................................................................................42
6.4.3. De groepsbenadering..........................................................................................................43
6.4.4. De individuele benadering..................................................................................................44
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, 6.5. Dosên (examen).........................................................................................................................44
6.5.2. sociaal-emotionele ontwikkelingsfasen (examen)..............................................................45
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