Pharmacology 101, Chapter 11-12 study guide, predictor exam quiestions and tips. 100% proven pass rate.
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Course
Nursing
Institution
Nursing
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) - multiple drugs used together for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) infection
Retrovirus - virus that uses RNA as its primary component instead of DNA
Unlabeled Use - use of a drug to treat a condition that is not officially approved ...
highly active antiretroviral therapy haart multiple drugs used together for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus hiv infection retrovirus virus that uses rna as its primary component ins
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Pharmacology 101, Chapter 11-12 study guide, predictor exam quiestions and tips.
100% proven pass rate.
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) - multiple drugs used together for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) infection
Retrovirus - virus that uses RNA as its primary component instead of DNA
Unlabeled Use - use of a drug to treat a condition that is not officially approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Candidiasis - infection of the skin or mucous membrane with the yeast Candida albicans
Cinchonism - quinidine toxicity or poisoning
Fungicidal - deadly to fungi
Fungistasic - pertaining to agents that retard growth of fungi
Fungus - single-cell, colorless plant that lacks chlorophyll, such as a yeast or mold
Helminthiasis - invasion by helminths (worms)
Mycotic Infections - infection caused by fungi
Over The Counter (OTC) - pertaining to drugs or other substances sold without a prescription; also known as nonprescription
Parasite - organism living in or on another organism (host) without contributing to the survival or well-being of the host
Thrush - candidiasis (candida infection) of the mouth
The client is prescribed amantadine 200 mg. The drug is available in 100-mg tablets the nurse administers 2 tablets
The nurse is to administer 100 mg of zidovudine orally. The drug is available as syrup 50 mg/5 mL. The nurse administers 10mL
Which of the following statements about a virus is true? Reproduction occurs by invading a host cell
How do a virus and a retrovirus differ? Viral content reprograms the cell to reproduce virus
Which of the following adverse reactions would the nurse expect in a client receiving acyclovir by oral route? Nausea and
vomiting
Which of the following would the nurse report immediately in a 3- month-old client receiving ribavirin? Any worsening of the
respiratory status
The nurse is administering didanosine properly when tablets are crushed and mixed thoroughly with 1 ounce of water
Administration of antiretrovirals can result in body fat redistribution
As a nurse on the pediatric unit, you are making the assignment to care for an infant receiving aerosol ribavirin for RSV. Which of
the following nurses should be assigned to care for this patient? Brad, a 26-year-old licensed practical nurse
Mr. Parker is to begin acyclovir treatment for his outbreak of shingles. As the nurse initiating care for him, you will check the
medication administration record (MAR) to see if he is taking which drug for potential interactions? Cimetidine
A client is prescribed one inhalation of zanamivir every 12 hours. The drug is available as one 5-mg blister per inhalation and is
to be given with a “Diskhaler” device. How many mgs will the nurse administer in a 24 hour period? 2 dose inhalations total in
24 hours which is 10mg of zanamivir in 24 hours
Herpes zoster virus- lies dormant in the nervous system.
Human immunodeficiency virus- destroys the immune system.
Hepatitis C- inflammation of the liver.
Genital human papillomavirus- most common sexually transmitted infection (STI)
Respiratory syncytial virus- respiratory infection primarily in children
,The primary care provider has prescribed fluconazole 200 mg orally initially, followed by 100 mg orally daily. On hand are
fluconazole 100 mg tablets. What should the nurse administer as the initial dose? 2 tablets
Pyrantel 360 mg is prescribed. The drug is available in 180 mg capsules. The nurse teaches the caregiver to administer 2
capsules
Mycotic infections are caused by: fungi
A client asks how antimalarial drugs prevent or treat malaria. The nurse correctly responds that this group of drugs: interferes
with the life cycle of the protozoa causing the malaria
Which of the following laboratory tests would the nurse monitor in clients receiving flucytosine? Renal functions test
When discussing the adverse reactions of an anthelmintic, the nurse correctly states that: Adverse reaction are usually mild
when recommended doses are used
When preparing a client for pentamidine administration, the correct position is: Reclining position
When giving one of the topical antifungals, the nurse assesses the client for the most important adverse reactions, which are
related to the GI tract
A client is receiving amphotericin B for a systemic fungal infection. Which of the following would most likely indicate to the
nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse reaction to amphotericin B?
Fever and Chills
The nurse is teaching preschool mothers about pyrantel treatment for pinworm infection. Which adverse reaction should the
mothers report immediately to the primary health care provider?
Rash
Identify the household precautions to prevent spread of parasitic infections. Select all that apply.
Wash all bleeding in the home, provide separate towels for bathing, wash hands after using the bathroom or changing
diapers
A client weighs 140 lbs. If amphotericin B 1.5 mg/kg/day is prescribed, what is the total daily dosage of amphotericin B for this
client?
95.4mg (140=63.6kg) 1.5/63.6kg/day=95.4mg or 95 rounded
Ch 11 PrepU
A nurse is preparing to administer famciclovir to a client with a herpes virus infection. The nurse should expect to administer
this drug by which route?
Oral
Famiciclovir is administered orally.
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is used to treat which of the following infections? (Choose one)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
HAART is multidrug therapy that is used to treat HIV.
The use of a drug for a specific disorder or condition that is not officially approved by the FDA is known as which of the
following? (Choose one)
Unlabeled use
The use of a drug for a specific disorder or condition that is not officially approved by the FDA is known as unlabeled.
Which of the following blocks the protease enzyme so new viral particles cannot mature?
Protease inhibitors
Protease inhibitors block the protease enzyme so new viral particles cannot mature.
, A primary healthcare provider has prescribed 6000 mg of Foscavir per day to be administered intravenously. In the pharmacy,
Foscavir is available in a 500 mL IV piggyback. The strength of the drug in the solution is 24 mg/mL. How many mL of the
solution should the nurse administer to the patient in a day?
250 mL
1 mL of solution contains 24 mg of the drug. Therefore, required amount is 250 mL (6000 mg/24 mg).
The primary healthcare provider has prescribed 400 mg of acyclovir, five doses per day. The drug is available in 200 mg tablets.
How many tablets should the nurse administer to the patient per dose?
2
Required dosage is 400 mg. Available drug is 200 mg. Number of tablets required is 2 (400 mg/200 mg) per dosage.
A 21-year-old woman diagnosed with HIV/AIDS 4 years ago now presents with cytomegalovirus (CMV). The nurse explains to the
woman that this infection is caused by a common organism that normally does not cause infection in someone who is not what?
Immuocompromised
These antiviral agents are indicated for treatment of the DNA viruses herpes simplex, herpes zoster, and CMV. Research has
shown that they are very effective in immunocompromised individuals, such as patients with AIDS, those taking
immunosuppressants, and those with multiple infections. These infections do not attack just people with HIV or hepatitis B.
A 24-year-old client is treated with acyclovir for herpes. The client also has a history of epilepsy. What would indicate a serious
reaction to the drug?
The client is having tremors, which are more pronounced at rest.
IV acyclovir should be used with caution in ckients with renal disease and preexisting neurologic disorders, especially seizures.
Systemic acyclovir is excreted primarily by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Therefore, renal toxicity may occur in
clients with renal disease. Clients with preexisting neurologic disorders have an increased risk of developing tremors and
myoclonus.
The nursing student is learning about the different ways diseases are produced and demonstrates an understanding when
identifying which of the following as the smallest infectious organism?
Virus
Compared with a fungus, parasite, and bacterium, the virus is a very small infectious organism.
The nursing student asks the instructor why it is more difficult to develop antiviral drugs than anti-infectives. The nursing
instructor's best reply would be which of the following?
Viruses are tiny and replicate inside cells, changing how cells work.
Antiviral medications are limited in their ability to treat viral infections because viruses are tiny and replicate inside cells,
changing how cells work, depending on the type of cell invaded. In comparison, a bacterial organism is relatively large and
commonly reproduces outside of cells. This makes antiviral drugs more difficult to develop.
An elderly patient is admitted to the medical floor with pustules on her body that travel along the nerve route in her legs and
arms. The physician prescribes the drug acyclovir (Zovirax). What disease is this patient demonstrating?
Shingles
The patient has herpes zoster virus (shingles). CMV is a virus with symptoms that include malaise, fever, pneumonia, and
superinfection. Herpes simplex causes oral, ocular, or facial infections. The influenza virus is commonly called the "flu" and is an
acute respiratory illness.
A patient with AIDS is treated with several drugs that work at different portions of the life cycle of the virus. This multiple drug
therapy is called which of the following?
HAART
The multiple drug therapy used for AIDS is called HAART, which stands for highly active antiretroviral therapy. DOT stands for
directly observed therapy, used with tuberculosis (TB) patients. RICE stands for rest, ice, compression, and elevation, which is
used for injuries. RACE is used for fires and stands for rescue, alarm, contain, and extinguish.
The patient with HIV is experiencing nausea and vomiting related to antiviral medications. This patient has lost 20 pounds in the
last 2 months since starting the drug therapy regimen. What is the highest priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?
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