Criminology Unit 3 controlled assessment- AC 1.2 model answer
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Course
Criminology
Institution
Criminology
Unit 3 Outline
CHAPTER 5
Early Biological Theories of Behavior
• Positive School of Criminology: A perspective that assume that individuals
have no free will to control their behavior.
• Deterrence does not explain the distribution of crime and scientists were
starting to notice.
• Eug...
criminology unit 3 controlled assessment ac 12 model answer
unit 3 outline chapter 5 early biological theories of behavior • positive school of criminology a perspective that assume that individual
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CRIMINOLOGY UNIT 3 CONTROLLED ASSESSEMENT - AC 1.2
Jayden Lorenzo
CCJ1010
Mr. Miller
9/15
Unit 3 Outline
CHAPTER 5
Early Biological Theories of Behavior
• Positive School of Criminology: A perspective that assume that individuals
have no free will to control their behavior.
• Deterrence does not explain the distribution of crime and scientists were
starting to notice.
• Eugenics: The study of and policies related to the improvement of the
human race via discriminatory control over reproduction
• Craniometry : the belief that the size of the brain or skull represents the
superiority or inferiority of certain individuals or ethnic/racial groups
• Used as a way of furthering the assumptions of eugenics
• Phrenology: the science of determining human dispositions based on
distinctions in the skull, which is believed to conform to the shape of the
brain.
• Phrenology was quickly proven dumb through actual science
• Physiognomy: the study of facial and other bodily aspects to indicate
developmental problems, such as criminality.
• ^ Tried to show that because certain criminals had similar features to
animals, there was a positive correlation between this and crime rates.
This study source was downloaded by 100000841417753 from CourseHero.com on 02-18-2022 14:18:30 GMT -06:00
, APPLICATION AND QUESTION ANSWERS: After the different Classical
schools were developed from people like Charles Darwin, then came the
Biological/Positive School of Criminology. This school focused on the biology of
the criminal and how crime could be affected by things internal and not due to
free will. Many scientists found that deterrence theory’s one flaw was that it did
not explain the distribution of crime. Many theories came from this perspective
like Craniometry, Eugenics, Phrenology, and more, which weren’t the most
progressive theories but were positively trended enough to make sense. For
example: Eugenics focused on studying genetic makeup and how altering
reproduction methods could result in stronger traits through generational
progressionism, but in real terms means unethically forcing sex on people so that
the next generation would be strong soldiers; this which was probably not very
ethical as a criminal theory.
Lombroso’s Theory of Atavism and Born Criminals
• Influenced heavily by Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection
• Atavism: the belief that certain characteristics or behaviors of a person are
throwbacks to an earlier stage of evolutionary development.
• Lombroso acknowledged that crime may occur due to external factors, he
claimed the “born criminals” are the ones that should be studied.
• Even with Theory, Lombroso still said there is a way to reduce crime, can be
identified ahead of time through
• Stigmata: The physical manifestations of atavism(biological inferiority)
• Lombroso’s List of Stigmata: Abnormally large or small noses, eyes, ears,
jaws, etc. (Even things like tattoos and a history of epilepsy in the family)
• Lombroso considered a Father of Crim. And The Father of The Positive
School
• ^ BC he was the first gain prominence in identifying factors beyond free will
or free choice that were predicted to cause crime.
• Determinism: The assumption that human behavior is caused by factors
outside free will and rational decision-making
• Determining factor was the individuals’ biological makeup
This study source was downloaded by 100000841417753 from CourseHero.com on 02-18-2022 14:18:30 GMT -06:00
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