- Penologie = Gedrags- en sociaalwetenschappelijke studie van strafrechtelijke sancties,
strafoplegging en strafuitvoering
- Forensische hulpverlening= Diverse vormen van gedragskundige en/of hulpverlenende
interventies in de opeenvolgende fasen van de strafrechtsbedeling, zowel in een
vrijheidsbenemende als in een niet-vrijheidsbenemende context
Elektronisch toezicht
• Recommendation CM/Rec(2014)4 of the Committee of Ministers to member States on
electronic monitoring (Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 19 February 2014 at the
1192nd meeting of the Ministers' Deputies) https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=2163631
(meenemen naar examen)
Inleiding
• Grotere plaats technologie in de samenleving
- Elektronische maaltijdcheques & elektronisch toezicht
• discussie
• Definitie
‘EM technology must be understood as nothing more or less than a form of remote
surveillant control, a means of flexibly regulating the spatial and temporal schedules of an
offender’s life’ (Nellis & Roswell, geciteerd in Daems 2020: 3)
• Meest courante vormen vandaag: radio-frequentie en GPS-technologie
➔ Rf: geen bewegingen, louter af/aanwezigheid
➔ Gps: mogelijkheid om persoon zelf te volgen, ET in kader v voorlopige hechtenis
,De ontwikkeling van ET in België in vogelvlucht
Ontstaan ET
•
•
• 1958: ‘Streetcorner research’ - Juegddeilinquenten kregen tape recorder mee. Daarin
spreken/vertellen, thema’s vrij uitkiezen. Dat proces: impact op delinquent g. relevantie:
Koppeling met technologische inovaties + einde artiekel gesproken over nieuwe ontw
‘buikriem met toestel’.
➔ Onderzoek gebroeders Schwitzgebel et al.
➔ Werken uit ‘A program of research in behavioral electronics’ (Schwitzgebel et al. 1964)
‘…the application of electronics to the understanding, maintenance, and modification of
human behavior’ (p. 233)
,➔ Suggestie – ‘vooruitgangsgeloof’
, • 'BEHAVIORAL SUPERVISION SYSTEM WITH WRIST CARRIED TRANSCEIVER‘ (1965)
• Spiderman, 1977 – voor het eerst toepassen Rechter Jack Love, 1983, Albuquerque, New
Mexico
• Zie ook artikel (“A belt from Big Brother”) verder in de powerpoint gepubliceerd in 1969 in
Psychology Today, van de hand van R.L. Schwitzgebel, één van de geestelijke vaders van het
elektronisch toezicht; of https://rgable.wordpress.com/electronic-monitoring-of-criminal-
offenders/ of Daems, T. (2020). Electronic Monitoring, p. 5 e.v.
➔ Tegelijk ook vragen en discussies over ET
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