Question 1.Question : The existence of regular, deep, and rapid respirations after
a severe closed head injury is indicative of neurologic
injury to the
Student lower midbrain.
Answer:
pontine area.
supratentorial.
cerebral area.
Instructor Central reflex hyperpnea, a sustained deep rapid but regular pattern
Explanation: (hyperpnea), may result from central nervous system damage or
disease that involves the lower midbrain and upper pons. It is seen
after increased intracranial pressure and blunt head trauma.
Question 2.Question : Vomiting is associated with CNS injuries that compress
which anatomic location(s)?
Student Vestibular nuclei in the lower pons and medulla
Answer: oblongata
Floor of the third ventricle
Vestibular nuclei in the midbrain
Diencephalon
Instructor Vomiting is associated particularly with CNS injuries that (1)
Explanation: involve the vestibular nuclei (located in the lower pons and
medulla oblongata) or their immediate projections, particularly
when double vision (diplopia) also is present.
Question 3.Question : The most critical aspect in diagnosing a seizure disorder
and establishing its cause is
Student computed tomography (CT) scan.
Answer:
, cerebrospinal fluid analysis.
skull x-ray films.
health history.
Instructor Although the history may be supplemented with the remaining
Explanation: options, it remains the pivotal tool for establishing cause.
Question 4.Question : Posthyperventilation apnea (PHVA) ceases and rhythmic
breathing is resumed when levels of arterial
Student Answer: carbon dioxide increase.
carbon dioxide become normal.
oxygen increase.
oxygen decrease.
Instructor Rhythmic breathing returns when the PCO2 level returns to
Explanation: normal.
Question 5.Question : What is the best prognostic indicator of recovery of
consciousness or functional outcome?
Student Answer: Glasgow Coma Scale
Glasgow Outcome score
Etiology of injury and time since onset of coma
Pupillary reaction and reflective eye movements
Instructor To date there are no specific indicators. Etiology of the injury
Explanation: and time since onset of injury are the currently used prognostic
indicators.
Question 6.Question : Which disease process is infratentorial?
Student Cerebellar neoplasm
Answer:
Encephalitis
Parkinson disease
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