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HCR 240 patho module 8 exam Assesment Perfomance
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Module 8 ExamAssessment Performance
• OVERVIEW
• INCORRECT
• CORRECT
Question 1 of 36
The development of sensory and motor
symptoms in multiple sclerosis is caused by:
• degeneration of sensory and motor neurons in the peripheral
nervous system.
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that
results in widespread demyelination of central nervous system
neurons.
• loss of neurotransmitter function in the spinal cord.
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that
results in widespread demyelination of central nervous system
neurons.
CORRECT
• immunologic and inflammatory demyelination of central nervous
system neurons.
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that
results in widespread demyelination of central nervous system
neurons.
• receptor abnormalities at the neuromuscular junction and in the
skin.
, Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that
results in widespread demyelination of central nervous system
neurons.
Question 2 of 36
A patient has a subdural hematoma. A nurse
realizes that the bleeding is occurring:
• deep within the herniated nucleous.
A herniated nucleous occurs with a herniated disk. Subdural
hematomas (bleeding between the dura mater and the brain)
arise in 10% to 20% of persons with traumatic brain injury.
• deep within the brain.
Intracerebral hematomas (bleeding within the brain) occur in 2%
to 3% of persons with head injuries. Subdural hematomas
(bleeding between the dura mater and the brain) arise in 10% to
20% of persons with traumatic brain injury.
• between the dura mater and the skull.
Extradural hematomas (bleeding between the dura mater and
the skull [i.e., epidural hematomas, epidural hemorrhages])
represent 1% to 2% of major head injuries. Subdural hematomas
(bleeding between the dura mater and the brain) arise in 10% to
20% of persons with traumatic brain injury.
CORRECT
• between the dura mater and the brain.
Subdural hematomas (bleeding between the dura mater and the
brain) arise in 10% to 20% of persons with traumatic brain injury.
Question 3 of 36
Autonomic hyperreflexia is caused by:
CORRECT
, • stimulation of sensory/pain receptors below the level of the
spinal cord lesion.
In autonomic hyperreflexia, sensory receptors below the level of
the cord lesion are stimulated.
• activation of brain receptors in the ventricles at the level of the
spinal cord lesion.
In autonomic hyperreflexia, sensory receptors below the level of
the cord lesion are stimulated.
• structural defects of the spine involving the lamina or neural arch
of the vertebra.
Spondylolysis is a structural defect (degeneration or
developmental defect) of the spine involving the lamina or neural
arch of the vertebra. In autonomic hyperreflexia, sensory
receptors below the level of the cord lesion are stimulated.
• the vertebra sliding forward and onto the vertebra below, which
causes pressure.
Spondylolisthesis occurs when a vertebra slides forward and
onto the vertebra below it. In autonomic hyperreflexia, sensory
receptors below the level of the cord lesion are stimulated.
Question 4 of 36
A patient has a vertebral disorder that
involves a structural defect (often hereditary)
that causes forward displacement of the
affected vertebra. Which diagnosis will the
nurse observe documented on the chart?
• Closed head injury
Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the vertebral canal or
intervertebral foramen that results in nerve root compression.
Spondylolysis is a hereditary structural defect of the lamina of
, the vertebra, causing forward displacement of the affected
vertebra.
CORRECT
• Spondylolysis
Spondylolysis is a hereditary structural defect of the lamina of
the vertebra, causing forward displacement of the affected
vertebra.
• Cholinergic crisis
Cholinergic crisis occurs in myasthenia gravis. Spondylolysis is a
hereditary structural defect of the lamina of the vertebra, causing
forward displacement of the affected vertebra.
• Herniated nucleus pulposus
A herniated nucleus pulposus involves the protrusion of the
pulpy center of the intervertebral disk, which often results in
spinal cord or nerve root compression. Spondylolysis is a
hereditary structural defect of the lamina of the vertebra, causing
forward displacement of the affected vertebra.
Question 5 of 36
A patient ruptured the middle meningeal
artery, resulting in an epidural hemorrhage.
The nurse realizes that in this type of
intracranial hemorrhage; the bleeding occurs
between the dura mater and the:
• pia mater.
By definition, an epidural hemorrhage is located outside ("epi" in
Latin means "on top of") the dura mater. An epidural hemorrhage
occurs between the dura mater and the skull.
• arachnoid mater.
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