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Sumario SISTEMA DE EXCITACIÓN ESPECIALIZADO Y DE CONDUCCIÓN DEL CORAZÓN
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RESUMEN DEL SISTEMA DE EXCITACIÓN ESPECIALIZADO Y DE CONDUCCIÓN DEL CORAZÓN
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SISTEMA DE EXCITACIÓN ESPECIALIZADO Y DE CONDUCCIÓNDEL CORAZÓN
Los componentes del sistema de conducción rítmica y sus funciones
son los siguientes:
Nódulo sinusal (o nódulo sinoauricular), que inicia el impulso cardíaco.
Vía internodular; que conduce los impulsos desde el nódulo sinusal al
nódulo auriculoventricular (AV).
Nódulo A V, que retrasa los impulsos originados en las aurículas antes
de penetrar en los ventrículos.
Haz A V, que retrasa los impulsos y los conduce desde el nódulo AV a
los ventrículos.
Ramas izquierda y derecha del haz de fibras de Purkinje, que
conducen los impulsos por todo el tejido de los ventrículos.
El nódulo sinusal controla la frecuencia de los latidos de todo el
corazón. El potencial de membrana de la fibra del nódulo sinusal es de
-55 a -60 mV, en comparación con -85 a -90 mV para la fibra muscular
ventricular.
El potencial de acción del nódulo sinusal es consecuencia
de lo siguiente:
Los canales rápidos de sodio están inactivados en el potencial de
membrana en reposo normal, pero con una pérdida de sodio menor en
la fibra para este potencial.
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