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Samenvatting Voeding

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Samenvatting Voeding

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  • February 28, 2022
  • 4
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary
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Samenvatting Voeding
Hoofdstuk 1: Anatomie en fysiologie

Mondholte (Caumcris)
Keelholte (Pharynx)
Slokdarm (Oesophagus)
Maag (Gaster)
Lever (Hepar)
Alvleesklier (Pancreas)
Dunne darm (Intestinum tenue)
- Twaalfvingerige darm (Duodenum)
- Nuchtere darm (Jejunum)
- Kronkeldarm (Ileum)
Dikke darm (Intestinum crassum)
- Blinde darm (Caecum)
- Karteldarm (Colon)
- Endeldarm (Rectum)

Welke tanden heeft elk soort?
Carnivoor: snijtanden, hoektanden, knipkiezen
Herbivoor: snijtanden, plooikiezen
Omnivoor: snijtanden, hoektanden, knobbelkiezen
Onderdelen van het lichaam
Maag
- Enkelvoudig (hond, kat, paard, knaagdieren en haasachtigen)
- Meervoudig (herkauwers en vogels) > pens, netmaag, boekmaag, lebmaag
➢ Kliercellen maken o.a. pepsine, zoutzuur en slijm
Darmen
Dunne darm= Bij planteneters langer i.v.m. plantaardig voedsel verteren
- Twaalfvingerige darm (Duodenum): met behulp van gal verder verkleinen van voedsel
- Nuchtere darm (Jejunum): eiwitten, suikers en vetten opnemen
- Kronkeldarm (Ileum): opnemen van zouten en vitamines
Dikke darm = indikken van waterige brij
- Blinde darm (Caecum)
- Karteldarm (Colon)
- Endeldarm (Rectum)
Lever
- Onschadelijk maken van ongewenste stoffen
- Produceren van gal
Galblaas
- Opslag van gal
- Transport naar twaalfvingerige darm
Spijsvertering hazen en knagers
- Groot deel van de vertering vindt plaats in de blinde- en karteldarm (=fermentatie)
- Konijn poept ‘kostbare’ voedingsstoffen uit (nachtmest) en eet deze weer op (=caecotrofie)

Hoofdstuk 2: Voedingsstoffen
Waaruit bestaat voer?
- Plantaardige grondstoffen > granen, peulvruchten, oliehoudende zaden
- Dierlijke grondstoffen > vlees, diermeel, vismeel, beendermeel, melkpoeder, dierlijk vet
- Bijproducten > restanten van voedsel voor mensen / schroot & schilfers, pulp, melasse, tapioca
- Toevoegingen > bv. supplementen of kippengrit

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