This document contains the basis and explanation of what you need to know for Grade 12 organic chemistry IEB. Includes definitions, formula lists and tables to breakdown everything you need to know for this section. It simplifies and contains all necessary content.
, Definitions:
Organic molecules: molecules containing carbon atoms with the exception of CO2, carbon
monoxide, diamonds, graphite, carbonates and bicarbonates.
Carbon: the basic building blocks of organic compounds that recycles through the earths air,
water, soil and living organisms.
Functional Group: an atom or group of atoms that form the centre of chemical activity in
the molecule.
Homogenous Series: a series of similar compounds which have the same functional group
and same general formula in which each member differs from the previous by one single
CH2 unit.
Structural Isomer: compounds having the same molecular formula but different structural
formula.
Unsaturated Compound: a compound in which there is at least one double bond and or
triple bond between carbon atoms.
Saturated Compounds: A compound in which all of the bonds between carbon atoms are
single bonds.
Hydrocarbon: a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms.
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