Medical-Surgical Nursing Linton Matterson Ch 34./Chapter 34: Cardiac Disorders Linton: Medical-Surgical Nursing, 7th Edition

1. A 49-year-old patient has multiple risk factors for coronary artery disease. Which risk factor is considered modifiable? a. Family history b. Age c. Smoking d. Male gender ANS: C Smoking, a high-fat diet, hypertension, sedentary lifestyle, and stress are considered modifiable risk factors. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 639 OBJ: 1 TOP: Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease 2. What do fibrous plaques of atherosclerosis serve as when they are laid down in the vessels? a. Stent to keep the vessel open b. Trap to which other substances adhere c. Threat to the integrity of the vessel wall d. Embolus ANS: B The plaque surface acts as a trap to which fibrous plaques can adhere, causing more narrowing of the vessel. The enlarging plaque can become a thrombus but not an embolus because emboli are usually considered to be traveling aggregations that lodge in a small arteriole.