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Exam Preparation on EU Law, Cluster 1
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Exam preparation on EU Law: information from week 1,2 and 3
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Class notes European Union Law (620248-B-6) European Union Law, ISBN: 9780198855750
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European Union Law - Structure & Functioning
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Knowledge of EU Law & EU InstitutionsSemester 2
Year 2022
Cluster 1 Week 1 Week 2 Week 3
Materials Barnard and Peers, European Union Law
CONTENT
WEEK 1 : Development of the European Union
WEEK 2: European Council: composition, members, function, powers
European Commission: composition, members, function, powers
WEEK 3: European Parliament: composition, members, function, powers
The Council: composition, members, function, powers
Development of European Union
The European Coal and Steel Community Treaty (ECSC)
link for the document: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:11951K:EN:PDF
Signed in: 18 April 1951 by West Germany, Italy, France, The Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg
Entered into force in: 23 July 1952
Brought together these 6 countries to organise the free movement of coal and steel (and in general free
movement of products) and to free up access to sources of production. All restrictive practices
An important feature was the setting up of a common High Authority to:
Knowledge of EU Law & EU Institutions 1
, supervise the market;
monitor compliance with competition rules; and
ensure price transparency.
The aim of the treaty, as stated in its Article 2, was to contribute, through the common market for coal and
steel, to economic expansion, employment and better living standards. Thus, the institutions had to ensure an
orderly supply of coal and steel to the common market by ensuring equal access to the sources of production,
the establishment of the lowest prices and improved working conditions. All of this had to be accompanied by
the growth in international trade and the modernisation of production.
Treaty of Rome, European Economic Community (EEC)
link to the document: https://ec.europa.eu/archives/emu_history/documents/treaties/rometreaty2.pdf
Signed in: 25 March 1957 by West Germany, Italy, France, The Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg
Entered into force: 1 January 1958
Focus on economic integration
The concept of a common market: the removal of barriers to trade such as terrifies
The four freedoms, also known as the core of the economic constitution: free movement of goods, workers,
capital and services
Single European Act (SEA)
link to the the document: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:a519205f-924a-4978-96a2-
b9af8a598b85.0004.02/DOC_1&format=PDF
Signed in: Luxembourg 17 February 1986 and in The Hague (The Netherlands) 28 February 1986
Entry into force: 1 July 1987
It’s purpose was to amend the ECC treaty
Formally established the European council
Single market (abolishment of internal borders)
SEA began the transformation of the role of Eu parliament similar to what it is today
Maastricht treaty, ‘Treaty of the European Union (TEU)’
link to the document: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:2bf140bf-a3f8-4ab2-b506-
fd71826e6da6.0023.02/DOC_1&format=PDF
Signed in: 7 February 1992
Entered into force: 1 November 1993
Numerous changes to the treaty of Rome (Both institutional and substantive terms)
The three-pillars system
First pillar; EEC treaty was officially renamed the European Community
Second pillar; Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)
Third pillar; Justice and Home Affairs (JHA)
Knowledge of EU Law & EU Institutions 2
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